10& fldkj [ksyS dsj yHkfd ykx
flfjfLV dsj gj ijkuh gksr gS
ØhM+k&dsfy dsj izsehA eUuq’k rks gksrS dsj vk;] tmu gksr gS lalkj Hkjs ds
gj ijkuh rss cgqr vf/kd foosdlhy vkS djr jgr gS esj esj dsj dsfyA mvk laLd`r
Hkk’kk ds L=hfyax lCn dsfy dk fgUnh dsj cuk; fnfgl iqfayax lCn [ksyA ifjHkkf’kr
fdfgl fd [ksy mvk dke vk; tmus dk fpRr mYykl rss fdgs rss eu cgySA [ksy vk; rks
[ksyS ckyh fØ;k iS cgqr vblm ds ns[ks lqus rss eu mYyflr gks; tkr gSA ukVd]
lsfuek nsf[k ds fØdsV dsj desUV~h lqfu dsA gejs tku ek lcrss iqjkru] vkfne tqx
rss [ksyk tk; ckyk [ksy vk; cu ijkfuu dk gfr MkjcA csn vkS iqjku dky ek ;sdj
uke e`x;k] vkgsj vkS vk[ksV izpyu ek jgk] vc dgk tk; ykx gS fldkj [ksycA fujhg
cu ijkuh dk gfr Mkj; dk [ksy dgc vc b;k mfefj ek gegh Bhd ugh ykxSA vkt tmu fyf[k
jgsu gS mvk chrs dky ek dhu x, iki dsj iz;lfpRr vk;A fldkj [ksyS dsj gegh u rks
cgqr vuqHko vk; u cgqr tkudkjh vk;A tmu tkuu vkS tkus vutkuss db Mkjsu mgS vkt
fyfic) db jgsu gSAa fldkj [ksyS b;kfd djS dsj ukuk fcf/k;k¡ gk¡A cxck djc]
iufivkbZ ek vkcS ckys tkucj dk] jkr Hkj epku ;k isaM+s ij p<+s rkdc] eksgjh
vkS j[kfjgkeu [kkfrj yqds&Nqis cbB ds rkdcA [kjgk [kkfrj nksguh ek
<¡fM+;k vl Nsn db ds vksds fHkrjs fn;k ckfj ds /k, nwjh yqdku rkds cbBs jgcA
l{ke gks; rks pksju dl jkr ek thi ij lckj ^lpZ ykbV* ek latqvk ¼ tkucj½ gsfj ds
ekjcA cu ek gk¡dk djk; ds tkucj ekjcA bZa lc fcf/k;u ds fldkj djkbZ ek ge lkfey
jgs vk;uA
fpjbZ pquwxqu vkS [kjgk dsj fldkj rks
[ksyrS jgsu] 18 cfjl ds mfej ek ifgy phrj ekjs jgu] tc j?kqjkt gkbZ Ldwy lgMksy
dsj 10eha dsj fc|kjFkh jgsuA tc i¡pxk¡o ds Bkdqj] yky yyu flag ysck; yb xsa
gk¡dk [ksykcSA nmvk lkgc ds 12uacj ds cUnwd rss ,y0 th0 ds NjkZ rss ekjs jgu
phrjA vkS vksagh lky xjeh ds NqV~Vh ek ck?k ds gk¡dk ek lkfey gks; dk feykA b;k
ckfr vk; rc dsj tc fcU/; iznsl dky] 1952 ek nmvk lkgc dsj ^Vªk¡lQj] fMfLVªDV
bUlisDVj vkQ LdwYl* ds in ij lgMksy gks; xk jgkA NkssVs nknk f”kojatu flag
njckj dkyst jhok ek i<+r] jfg xsa cCcw th ds yxsA vkS Ldwy dsj i<+b;k ge]
pkj HkkbZ v#.k ¼cPpk½] r#.k ¼fdUus½ vkS cCcwth ds csVk] ØkfUrdqekj flag] nmvk
lkgc ds lkFk vk; x;u lgMksyA j?kqjkt gkbZ Ldwy dsj eSfVªd ijh{kk dsUnz jgk gS
C;adV gkbZ Ldwy lrukA mgk¡ rss ijh{k nb ds lgMksy jgr xehZ ds NqV~Vh fcrkcr
jgsuA rcS f”k{kk foHkkx dsj 15 fnolh; *VhplZ LdkmV dSEi* vejdaVd ek vk;ksftr
HkkA nmvk lkgc dk cukck xk *dSEi Mk;jsDVj*A gegw¡ dk ysck; yb xsa vius lkFkSA
^dSEilZ* dk lacksf/kr djSS v¡rjs nqljs dmum u dmukS Ogh0 vkbZ0 ih0 vkbu tkr
jgsaA iznsl ljdkj ds ea=h Jh xksiky”kk.k flag i/kkjsaA jsoU;w foHkkx vxys fnu
muds [kkfrj c?kgk gk¡dk dsj vk;kstu fdfglA lgMksy Mh0 lh0 jgs gk¡a d`ikyiqj ds
vej lghn in~e/kj flag dsj tsB HkkbZ yky “ka[k/kj flagA dysDVj dk rcS fMfIVh
dfeLuj dgk tkr jgkA iq’ijktx<+ dsj eq[;ky; rcS jgk clfugk ekA >ksifM+u ek
rglhy ykxS vkS >ksifM+u ek deZpkjh jgck djr jgsaA rglhynkj jgs gk¡a gejs xk¡o
?kj jk;iqj ds Jh jkekuqtizrki flag gekj ik¡pu dsj cM+dÅ dDdk] ts jgsa fldkj
vfHk;ku dsj bfUrtkedqfuUnkA rcS lgMksy rss vejdaVd dk iDdh lM+d ugha jghA g¡k
vejdaVd ek Mk¡d c¡xyk rcgw¡ jgk gSA dSEi Nk¡fM+ ds nmvk lkgc fldkj vfHk;ku ek
ugha xsa] iB; fnfgu gedkA cM+dÅ dDdk ds lkFk dxj ckys epku ek gegW¡w cbBuA dDdk epku ij cbBS dsj fu;e crkbuA dfgu
^^[kksa[ks [kk¡[sk uA u[kh tkucj lkeus vbZ rks canwd u pyk;kA** epku ij cbBS ds
djhc 20&25 feuV cknS ,d Hkkyw lkeus dbZ rss vkcr dbfrvk; xk nfguh dbZ dkA
ge fulkuk lk/kS dk fdgsu rks dDdk ukj ij gk¡Fk ekfj ds rjh db fnfguA djhc
nqb ?kaVk ckn cu rss fudfj ds g¡fd;k vk; vk; Bk<+
gks; ykxsa epku ds lkeus ckys [kqys eSnku ekA ck/k ugha fudjk vkS Hkkyw ds
vykck dmum lkmt ugha fudjkA epku ij rss ea=hth mrjsa Qsj ,d ,d db ds lcS fldkjh
mrfj ds eksVj ij cbfB ds py fnfgu vejdaVd dbZA dDdk crkbu fd rqegha ge canwd
;srss ugha pykcS fngsu fd fldkj ea=hth dk [ksykcS dk jgkA gks; ldr jgk fd chp
ek dgkSa ck/k jgk gks;] tmu rqEgjs ^Qk;j* dk lqfu ds fcpd tkrA cgjgky Qsj ckn
ek gedk dcgw¡ c?kgk gk¡dk ek lkfey gks; dsj ekSdk ugha feykA
lstgjh rss cgqjs ds ckn dbvd fnu eu
m¡gSa HkVdr jgk vkckA ,d fnuk fc;kjh db
ds cbfB jgh rcfguS iqfyl eksVj odZlki bUpktZ gekj fe=] bUlisDVj yky ctjax flag
thi ek fldkjh lkfFku dk y, vk; /kedsaA eghuk nqb eghuk ek b;k gksrS jgk vkck
djr jgkA tc dcg¡w ukbV MªkbHk dsj ykx ykxS gedk lkFk ybtk; dk vk; tkr jgsaA
mudk ik¡pu dk pk; fivkcr lstgjh ek fn[ks fprju ckyh ckr crk;uA vius yxs cUnwd u
gks; dsj iNrkck crk;uA Å¡ dfgu fd jhck fdyk ds flyk[kkuk rss iqjku cUnwdu dsj
fcØh dhu tk; jgh gSA iqjku gks; ds dkju lLrh g¡bZ iS g¡bZ cgqr vPNh] vius eu
dsj ,dBs viukS yb ysbZA Qsj r; Hkk fd vkt lstgfju ek /kkck cksyk tk;A
thi pfy fnfgl xksfcUnx<+ rykc dsj
es<+ ikj db ds Bk<+ HkS vkS gqM [kksy nhu xkA p<+; ykx iijk igkj vkS
lM+d ds nwukS cktw ykbV Qsadr lpZ gks; ykx tkucju dsjA thi igkj mrfj xS ij dmum
esj ds tkucj ugha ns[kkusA thi cf<+ pyh vkxs dkA nsoy¡mn dsj iqy ikj db ds
ppkbZ ds cxSpk ds vkxs tk; ds iqfu cj mBh lpZykbVA lkr fdyksehVj pfy ds eq#d
pyh lM+d rss QwV lstgjh dbZ ds xbyk ijA
Hkhrj ?kqfl ds tgk¡ tgk¡ thi tk; ldh lcrj Nkfu ekjk xk vkS lef/ku rd tk; ds thi
cgqj pyhA ik¡p fdyksehVj rd iqfu ds lM+d ds nwukS dbZ ns[kr ?kql iM+h lgjx<+
dbZA Qkje ds cxy ckys ujck dk ikj db ds tbls ck¡bZ igjh dbZ ykbV ijh fd ,d
fla?kkfM+;k phrj pdcfdvk; ds thi dbZ fugkjr ns[kkuA ctjax flag ds
FkVhZfLizaxQhYM ls lw¡ djr xksyh fudjh vkS njsu phrj fxfj ds NViVk; ykxA thi ek
cbB uRFkw ls[k dwnsa vkS tk; ds ftcg djS ykxsaA lUuk; xk phrj vkS vksdk ykfn ds
cgqj pyh thi jhok dbZ lM+d ds nwukS cktw lpZ djr] iS Qsj dqNw ugha ns[kkuA
ctjax flag fdyS rss jk;Qy cslkgs jgsaA
tn~nfi cUnwd cslkgS dk gejs yxs jde ugha jgh] iS tqxqr fHkM+k, jgsuA lstgjh ek
c¡/kck c¡/kckcS [kkfrj rdkch eatwj djkcS dsj vthZ yxk, jgsuA gekj [kyhlk [kkyh
jgk iS gerss lkgl ugha Hkk vkS ,d fnuk tk; igq¡psu fdyk] cUnwd cslkgSA
fclslkf/kdkj izkIr HkwriwoZ egkjktk jhok
ds fdyk dsj Hk¡M+kj vIlj jgsa gk¡a rcS] d`ikyiqj ds HkwriwoZ bykdsnkj yky
xnk/kj flagA bufgu dsj lcls ygqj HkkbZ jgs gSa vej lghn yky in~e/kj flagA ge tc
fdyk igq¡psu rc flyk[kkuS ek ykylkgc i/kkjs jgsaaA tmu fyLV gegh ns[kS dk fnfgu
vksek fcds ckyh canwdu vkS j;Qyu ek ^fVd* dhu xk jgkA rÅ vcS ipklu ds la[;k ek
xSj ^fVd* dhu njt jghaA ,d ckjg cksj dsj canwd jgh vksds lkeus dher njt jgh
#fi;k ,d lkSA ge vksds ckjs ek ckr fdgsu rks crkbu fd mvk vkusu esj gSA cgqr
iqjku esj dsj vk;] vksek ^gSej* rks gS iS ^fiu* ugha vk;A vksds dkjrwl ek ^fiu*
gksck djfr gS tmu vc ugha cuSA fyLV ek nqbBs ^IokbaV Vw Vw jk;Qy* njt jgha]
ftuds lkeus dher ^Vkbi^ dhu njt jgh nqb gtkj] Qsj dkfV ds gjh L;kgh rss fy[kku
jgk ^Vw ,u-ih*- ekus nqb u, iblk vkS egkjktk lkgc dsj cus jgsa nldrA nleyo
iz.kkyh dsj pyu vcS gkyS ek lq: Hkk jgkA ge fcurh fdgsu fd buesa rss ,d gegha
nsck; nsbZ] ge ykblsUl cuck; ds isl db nscA yky lkgc g¡lS ykxsaA dfgu ^^b;k
egkjktk lkgsc dsj el[kjh vk;A ckbl cksj dsj jk;Qy nqb gtkj ek dks [kjhnh] ;srss
Å¡ mudj dher nqb iblk fyf[k ds dfgu gS fd bugha ge [kjhncA**
yky
lkgc crkbu fd vc flyk[kkuk ek ^izkfgfcVsM cksj* vkS Å¡ cUnqd cph gk¡a tmusu dsj
dkjrwl ugha cuS] ;sgh rss ns[kh fd cph cUnwdu dsj dher ,d lkS #fi;k rss vf/kd
ughs njt vk;A ckr py Mxjh dqfBfy;k dsjA yky lkgc dfgu ^^ifgys tc dcg¡w dksÅ
fdyk ek esgeku vk; tk¡; rkss dqBqfy;k tk; ds phrj fd lqvjk ekfj ys vkck djhA vc
rks m¡gk Qkje [kqfy xk gS] taxy lkQ djk; ds [ksrh djkbZ tk; ykfx gSA** ge crk;u
fd lqvjk cM+k mRikr epk, gk¡aA ,d cM+k
ysagM+ gS lR;kukl db Mkjr gS [ksrhA fnu Hkj Å¡p pkju chp lqvjk ?kqls jgr gk¡
vkS jkr VwfV ijr gk¡a cks;s Qly ijA rgl ugl db nsar gk¡a QlyA dkSmukS fnuk vbZ
ge djk; nsc gk¡dk] viuk ,dk/k dk Vidk; nsbZA**
yky
lkgc nqljsu fnuk vkcS dk rS;kj gksb xsaA ckr r; gks; xSA mgk¡ rss pys x;u ctkj
dbZA tc Qkje igq¡psu rks ldfjvk; x;uA DokjVj ds nqvkjs Bk<+ ns[kku eksVj]
tmus ds uacj IysV yky jgk vkS fy[kku jgk jhok vkS rjh uacjA ekus dkj jhok fdyk
dsfj vk;A dkgs rss fd vkus eksVj ykfju ek dkyh IysV ij Ogh0 ih0 vkj0 MCyw0
fy[ks ds ckn ucaj Mkyk jgr jgkA ge euS eu lkspsu fd] yky lkgc dkfYg dsj cknk
fdfgu vkS vk; /kedsa vktSA ?kjs Hkhrj ?kqlrS pk; fi;r ns[kkus ckcklkgc dqEgjk]
ts crkbu fd dkfYg egkjktk lkgc lqvjk ekjS vkcr ykx gk¡ tmus dsj bRryk dj; vk;u
gSA Bhd pkj cts lk¡f> ds i/kkj tbgh]a c[kr dsj cgqr ikcan gk¡aA b;k lc lqfu
ds gekj rks ufju lVfd xSA egkjktk lkgc dk
ljdkjh Qkje ek gk¡dk [ksykmc cM+h ckr gks; tbZA ^QkeZ lqifjUVsUMsV* pys
xs jgsa NqV~Vh vius ?kjs nscfj;k vkS ^bUpktZ* jgsu geA e/; iznsl dsj fujeku vcS
gkyS ek Hkk jgk vkS ^,xzhdYpj Mk;jsDVjsV* jgk jhok ekA gedk ldfj;ku nsf[k ds
ckck lkgc dfgu ^^dk ckfr gS] dkgs ldfjvk; x;u\**
ge
dgsu **ljdkjh Qkje ek egkjktk dk fcuk fcHkkx rss ea++twjh fygs fldkj [ksyk;s
rss gedk nf.Mr dhu tk; ldr gSA vcS gekj pkdfju dS fnu dsfj gSA**
ckck lkgc
dfgu ^^dqNw u gksbZ k tks dwNw Hkk rks egkjktk viuk dsj iwjh enn djgha**A ge
dgsu fd ^^gekj ckr rks yky lkgc rss Hk; jgh chp ek egkjktk lkgc dgk¡ rss vk;
xsa\**
ckck lkgc crkbu fd yky lkgc egkjktk lkgc rss
NqV`Vh ek¡xS dk gkftj Hksa] tc ctg crkbu rks jktk gqdqe fnfgu gegw¡ pycA mudj
ealk dks jksd ldr gSA viuk fuapkS u ?kcM+bZ jktk ds jkt ikV pyk xk iS mudk lRrk
ds vykck vksbu vf/kdkj vktkS gk¡a] tmu jktk gksr dhu jgs gk¡aA ge euS eu dgsu
tmu gksbZ ns[kk tbZ] dk¡M+h ek ewM+ rks /kjkuS g]S vc ewlj rss dmu MsfjA
nqljs
fnuk Bhd pkj cts lk¡f> ds ,d thi vkb]Z ihNw ,d dkjA egkjktk ekjr.M flag]
jktLFkku rss vk;s nsch flag vkS yky xtk/kj flag ds lkFk mrjsaA mu lc dk ysck;
yb x;u] Qkje ds lxefugk IykV dbZ tmu rcS taxy jgkA vksdj ^fMQkjsLVslu* rcS ugha
HkS jghA [kqys eSnku ek vk¡rj nb nb ds lc tus cbfB xsaA Qkje ds yscj mRrj dbZ
rss ?kqfl ds gks gYyk epkcr gejs ik¡pu dbZ py fnfguA vk/kk ?k.Vk chrk gsk;h fd
g¡fd;k cus yscj vk; vk; ds lkeus Bk<+ gks; ykxsaA lqvjk vksa fnuk mgk¡ ughs
jgsa] ;srss ugha fudjsaA ge mfB ds tk;
igq¡psu egkjktk lkgc ds lkeus vkS fcurh fdgsu fd ^^FkksM+k le; vmj nS nhu tk;A
i/kkfj yhu tk; iDdh cuh pSusy ijA ,d cu[kM+ vmj gS vksgw ek g¡dk;s nsbr gS]
mgkSa tc rc lqvj fnu ds ?kqls jgr gk¡A**
mfB
ds pfy fnfgu lc tus gejs lkFkA yscj dk ge iB; fngsu nqljs Nksj dbZA lc tus ds
cbfB tk; ds ckn] dqN nsj ek yscj cu[kM+ ek ?kqfl ds gYyk epkcr gejs ik¡pu dbZ
cf<+ pysa vkS chlkS iphl feuV ugha chr fd vk; xsa lkeusA egjktk lkgc g¡lr
vkS b;k dgr Bk<+ Hksa fd ^^ vkt lqvj lgj ckxS df<+ xs gk¡]** Qsj gerss
dfgu ^^vc gS u btktr] vc pyh u]** dgr vkxs vkxs] Bk<+ eskVj dbZ ghaB pysaA
db;d ekus ek b;k gejs thcu dsj u fcljS ckyk fldkj [ksykbZ dk;ZØe jgkA Hkyk
dcg¡w ?kjs ds iNhrh ek gk¡dk [ksyk xk gS\ nqljdck gk¡dk Bhd gejs DokjVj ds ihNw
ds cu[kM+ ek gk¡fd xk jgk] tmu ubZ cuh psuy rss eksyb;k Vksyk rd chgj unh ds
nfgus fdukjs jgk gSA b;k fldkj [ksy fcuk dgkSa vk;s x;s ?kjsu ek jgr [ksyk xk
jgkA ;sds [kkfrj tk=k ugha djS d iM+h jgh vk;A
egkjktk lkgc dk Qkje ek fldkj djk;s ds
dkju gerss foHkkx u rks tckc ryc fdfgl u dmukS ukjktxh mtkxj HkS] iS gjfcu gekj
^Vªk¡lQj fMfLVªDV ,xzhdYpj vkfQl* jhok dk gksbxkA tgk¡ rss gekj ^iksfLVax* gks;
xS] ^,fxzdYpj vflVsUV rglhy bUpktZ* fljekSj dkA nmvk lkgc rcS jgsa lgMksy ek
^fMfLVªDV bUlisDVj vkQ LdwYl* vkS Mh0 lh0
ckcw jkefcgkjhyky th JhokLro ts cCcwth gjsu ds lkFk cukjl ek i<+s
jgsaA Å¡ nmvkth dk crkbu fd **nknw dsj] c¡/kck c¡/kkcS [kfrj #fi;k 500 dsj
vthZ] ge eatwj db ds iBck; fngsu gS rglhynkj C;ksgkjh dk**A djtk dk<+S dsj
fcjks/kh nbvk th ijslku gks; xsa fd ge rdkch dkgs eatwj djk;uA eEek crkbu
^^gks; u gks; canwd cslkgS [kkfrj] dkgs rss fd gerss #fi;k ekxr jgsaA** rc
nmvkth dsj Mk¡V QVdkj ckyk ,d i= pyk gejs yxsA nmvk lkgc dk ge lc HkkbZ cgqr
Msjkr jgsuA mudj nwlj i= igq¡pk tk; C;ksgkjh ds rglhynkj tqM+efu;k ¼
izrkix<+½ ds dqv¡j f”kopj.k flag ds y?ks fd eatwj lqnk rdkch] nknw d u nb ds
nkf[ky [ktkuk db nhu tk;A
fcuk ,dkS iSlk ?kw¡l fngs gedk canwd cslkgS
dsj yk;lsUl fefy pqdk jgkA mgS chp ,d ?kVuk ?kfV xS jghA fljekSj ds gejs DokjVj
ek pksj ?kqfl ds gejs eEek dsj isVh yb ds HkkxA gekj uhn [kqfy xS] ge jxn
fygsuA ?kcjkgV ds dkju gejs eq¡gs rss pksj ugha] f?kf?k;ku] vksj vksj fudjSA
pksj ixjk ij pf<+ ds v¡xus ek mrfj ds f[kjdh dsj l¡djh [kksfy fngs jgk rc
?kqlk rS gejs dejk ekA mel jgh ;srss ge njcktk [kksys jgsuA isVh yb ds mvk
f[kjdh rss cbcs] tgk¡ ge cfx;k yxk;s jgu tk; ds Bk<+ HkkA vksds ihNw ihNw ge
ig¡qpsuA mvk isVh Hkqb¡ ij /kfj ds mBk; fyfgl MaMk vkS nwukS gk¡Fks idM+s gqefd
fnfgl gejs ewM+s dbZA ewM+ cpkcS dk gekj nwukS gk¡Fk mfB xsa Åij dkA gjcjh ek
mvk MaMk eksVd;s fljk dbZ idM+s jgkA gekj xfn;k rks >Uuk; xbZa iS M+.Mk dsj
eksVdck Hkkx vk; xk gejs gk¡Fks vkS ge gqeqfd ds ttj fngsu vksds ewM+s ijA dPp
ds vkckt ds lkFk lquku ^^ efj x;u js**A vksdj nqb lkFkh vmj jgsa ts vksdj eq¡g
nck; ds mBkbu vkS yb Hkkxsa tejs ds tksugfjgk ekA ge MsjHkqrku jgsu ?kqfl vk;u
v¡xus ek vkS f[kjdh ds dsejk ds l¡djh p<+k; fngsuA rc rd gekj eEek] ijksls
ds fizaliy [kjs lkgc mudj iRuh v¡tksj y;s vk; ds Bk<+ HksaA ckr pyh fd pksj
dk yb xk\ vc gejkS tDdk [kqyk crk;u fd ^^isVh rks /kb fngs jgk Hkq¡b ijA** rc
iqfu ds dsejk [ksfy ds ckfgj vk;u] isVh /kjh jgh vkS dqN nwjh ek ,d eby dk
Vksih iM+h jghA fizaliy lkgsc crkbu fd gedk ykxr gS fd pksj ifgys gejs Mjckjk
ij p<+k] gekj uhn [kqfy x;A vkjkS ikbl rks mrfj ds viuk ds bgk¡ igq¡fp xk
gksbZA** gejs gk¡Fks rss Ms<+ g¡Fkk MaMk yS ds dfgu ^^ dsruk x: gS tks ykxS
ikcr rks --A**
cgjgky] rdkch] yk;lsUl vkS b;k izlax ds dkju]
nmvk lkgc vkiu nqbukyh 12 uacj canwd gedk nb fnfguA gegh ^Xku ijpst vkMZj* r
feyS jgkA vc ge tgk¡ tbZ gekj cUnwd lkFkS jgS] pkgs cjkr /kjkr gks;] pkgs ewM+u
dUNsnuA ckr mgS fje¡gh mD[kku fd ^usekbu ds rqidnkj ewM+s ij xksjlhA*
b;k mD[kku rcS dsfj vk;] tc iyhrsnkj rqid
gksck djr jghaA rcS ds rqidu ek ?kksM+ ugha gksck djr jgkA ihd ek pqVdh Hkj
ck:n Hkj nhu tkfr jgh vkS rqid nkxS [kkfrj cjr ludVb;k Nqvk; nhu tkfr jghA rcS
fn;kljkbZ dgk¡ jgha\ xksjlh ek vkxh lqyxk; yhu tk; vkS Qsj vksgh rss ludVb;k
ckj yhu tk;A Å¡ rqidsa cgqr tcj gksck djr jgha vkS d[kjh ek [kwc tdfM+ ds nck;s
jgr nkxh tkr jghaA tc dsj ckr crk; jgsu gS rc rd tsds ?kjs iyhrsnkj rqid jgha]
yfM+dk cPpk Hk;s ij ekpk ek ck¡f/k ds nkxh tkr jghaA dksÅ d[kjh e nck; ds nkxS
dsj fgEer ugha djr jgk vk;A
vc rks geg¡w rqidnkj gks; pyu rS] gekj
fldkjh fe= tc tc fldkj i;ku djSa rc rc gedk t:j ysck; ysa;A fljekSj ek jgsu tc
ctjax HkkbZ dsj l¡nsl vkck fd D;ksVh dw¡M+k ds rjh ckys cu ek fldkj [ksyS dsj
eatwjh fefy xS gS] Qyk fnu pyS d rS;kj
jgcA dqyqfd mBsu euS eu fd pyk ,d iaFk nqb dkt gksbZA D;ksVh dw¡M+k dsj utkjk
lkFkS fldkj [ksycA nmvk lkgc dsj ,d ys[k Niku rS ^ jhok jT; * tmus ek jhok ds
dWwM+u dsj lqUnj cjuu jgkA vksdk ge /k;s jguA mvk gS b;k esj rss&^ jhok
jkT; dh izfl) ufn;k¡ Vel] chgj] egkuk vkSj vksM~Mk gSa tks dze”k% iqjck] ppkbZ]
D;ksVh vkSj cgqrh izikr cukrh gSaA rhu] lk<+s rhu lkS fQV xgjs bu izikrksa
dk o.kZu D;k fd;k tk;\ budk o.kZu djuk buds egRo dks ?kVkuk gS D;ksafd tM+
“kCnksa esa ml y;dkjh lkSUn;Z & Hkkouk dks izdV djus dh “kfDr dgk¡ tks
mudks ns[kus ls mnHkwr gksrh gSA vfojy xfr ls eq[kfjr bl nqX/k/koy ty jkf”k dks
ns[krs gh euq’; vk”p;Z ,oa vkuUnfoHkksj gks tkrk gSA ml u;ukfHkjke n`”; ij ;fn
,d ckj us= fVdrs gSa rks fQj mBuk gh ugha tkursA uhy ty ns[krs ns[krs mToy
/kkjk esa ifjf.kr gqvk fd eksrh ds gkj ls eqDrk fc[kjus yxhA us= mUgs lesVus
pys fd os pwj pwj gks x,A tc rd fd fu”p; djsa fd n`”; LofIuy gS vFkok okLrfod
fd nqX/k dh ,d ihu /kkjk izR;{k gks xbZA mrus gh esa ijks{k bUnztkyh us uojaxh
bUnz/kuq’k yk rkukA uhp]s fQj og uhyh ty jkf”k mNyrh dwnrh ugha fcydqy “kkUr
lqfLFkj uhjoA ogk¡ ds xkspj tho tUrq] os Hkh vk”p;Z dh oLrqA tks ikjkor mM+rk
gqvk x;k og vc fVM~Mh cu x;kA 10&12 QqV ds exj & ?kfM+;ky] xksg
&fxjfxV ds :Ik ds gks x,A iRFkj QsadkA ;g D;k\ ;g rks d.kZ dk ck.k gks x;kA
ft/kj ls x;k Fkk m/kj gh ykSVk vk jgk gSA xqyhHkj dks fyyhiqV ds ns”k esa ,slk
vk”p;Z ugha gqvk gksxk tks izikr fdukjs gesa gks jgk gSA dq.M ds vkxs ikuh dh
iryh /kkj fn[kykbZ nsrh gS ftlds nksuks vksj gjs Hkjs c`{kksa ls Hkjs igkM+ yVd
jgs gSaA tgk¡ rd n`f”V tkrh gS gfj;kyh gh fn[kkbZ nsrh gS fQj D;k vk”p;Z ;fn
viuk g`n; Hkh gjk gks tk;A*
b;k lc ns[kS dk eu mNkg ekjs jgk rcS ,d
fnuk ctjax HkkbZ v; xsa vkS gedk p<+k; ds thi py fnfgl D;ksVh dbZ dkA rcS
fljekSj rss D;ksVh dk lM+d ugha] <jkZ jgkA vk/kk /k.Vk chrk gksbZ fd D;ksVh
dw¡M+u ds tejs rss thi vkxs c<+r tk; ds Bk<+ HkS yky eksj?ot flag ds
nqvkjsA Msjk lkeku mrjk] pk; iRrh ih fivk; ds dqN tus df<+ xs xk¡o dbZ]
nqljs fnu ds gk¡dk [kkfrj g¡fd;k rS;kj djS vkS ge nn~nw flag ds lkFk py fngsu
dw¡M+u dbZA ifgys lq[kgck dk >k¡du Qsj vksngck dk >k¡dr vk; x;u tejs ek
Bk<+ ,sfgkfld x<+h dbZ] tmus dk lu 1857 ds izFke Lora=rk lsxzke lsukuh]
j.ker flag cuk, jgs gS vkiu lj.kLFkyhA v¡f/k;kj gks; ykx rks ghaB fngsu iM+ko
dbZA
fcgkus Msjk lkeku ykfn ds thi jekuk db nhu xS] fljekSj gksr
vkYgk?kkV mrfj ds ywd xk¡o dkA ge ik¡ps]
yVdr igkju ds fcjNu ds >wyr Mxkj vkS cjksZgu dsj lgkjk ysr] x<+h ds tejs rss mrfj x;u
rjh ds cu ekA egkuk unh ds /kkj ds tejs tejs pyr pV`Vku csjk; csjk; cbfB x;u
tsds lkeus [kqys eSnku jgsaA g¡fd;k ifgysu ?kqfl xs jgsa cu ek vkS xksy ?ksjk
cukcr nwukS Nksj ek Bksafd;k vkS ,d
rqidph ifNok,] rek[kw [kkr] chM+h pksaxh fi;r gedk ik¡pu dk vxksjr jgsaA tc
vankt gks; xk fd ge ik¡ps cbfB x;u gksc rc gk¡dk lq: db fnfguA lquk; ykx iw#c
dbZ ds cu ds fHkrjs MQyk] uxfj;k vkS fVgdh ds vkckt ds lkFk gk¡] gk¡] gks] gks
ds lkFk dwdhA ge lc canwdph pqiku cbB rkdS ykxu iw#c dbZ ds cu dkA vk/kk ?k.Vk
chr gksbZ fd ,d Hkjry nxhA g¡fd;k vmj tksj tksj gYyk epkcr vkxs c<saA Qsj
jls jls f/kek; ykxsa vkS gejs ik¡pu ds utj ek ,d ,d ns[kkr vk; vk; cbBS ykxsaA
lc dk tkuS dsj gjcjh jgh fd dmus lkmt ij] g¡fd;k ny dbfr rss rqid nxh vkS vatke
dk Hkk\ g¡fd;k ny ds lkFk gejs ik¡pu [kkfrj vufpUgkj ,d e?;dkyhu jktiwr izdV
HksaA Åij dbZ dk ,saNh dkyh Mk<+h] uksdnkj esNk] ewM+s ij ck¡/kk eqjSBk] tkektksjk
dl yack dqjrk vkS pwM+hnkj ik;tkek ifgjs] dfjgk¡ ek miUuk dls tmus e ryckj
[kkslh jgh vkS eksV ryk dsj pejm¡/kh iugh ifgjs] dk¡/kk ij yEch ukj dsj
cM+xSa;k rqid Vk¡xs vk; ds pV~Vku ij fcjkft xsaA mfej mgS xng iphlh dsj jghA ,d
g¡fd;k muds dbZ blkjk db ds crkbl fd ^^ ,d [kklk cM+k fla?kkfM+;k buds lkEgw
t¡mdr Hkhrh vl Bk<+ HkkA rqid NwV ekuks dmukS rfjgfjgk ctjh dsj ?kkB [kk,
iksad fnfgl gks;A lk¡Hkj mpdk ykx fd budk jm¡nr vkS /kkcr pf<+ xk Bk<+
vjh igkj ijA** efp xk gDdkA iufivkbZ dk pcSuk xqM+ c¡VkA pkj cft xs jgsaA nwlj
gk¡dk [kkfrj fnu ugha ck¡p jgkA cu ek fnu tfYnu cwM+r gS] bgk¡ rks cu ds nwukS
tejs Hkhrh vl Bk<+ Å¡p igkj gk¡aA gkjs t¡qvkM+h dl g¡fd;k cgqj pysa D;ksVh
dbZ ge ik¡ps ghaB pysu ywd dbZA fujklk Hkw¡[k vkS Fkdku dk vblu /k/kdk; fngs jgh
tblu csuck ls /km¡ds vkxh /k/kdSA ,d lkFkh dfgu ^^ Hkw¡[k ds ekjs gedk jksckbZ
vkcr ykfx gS vkS ykxr gS fd Fkkd nb ekjh gedkA** nwlj lkFkh [kyhlk rss :eky
fudkfj ds iksaNS ykxas mudj eq¡gA efp xk BB~BkA egkuk unh ikj djS [kkfrj twrk]
ekstk vkS iSUV mrkjr ,d tus cksysa ^^ ej; b;k esj ds fldkj [ksyc fd lkmt Bsaxk
ns[kkcr mrjck; ds yDdk rqDdk uaxk db ns;A**
chgM+
jgk jkLrkA lq:t nsmrk vkiu yky eq¡g yqdckcr nqb igfju ds nksan rss Fkks:
>¡kfdu] rc rd tk; igq¡psu ywdA ifgys rss mgk¡ igq¡pk lkFkh ny] eafnjs ek iwjh
ekdwy bfUrtke db Mkjs jgkA lcrss cM+h ckr] idk; Mkjs jgk nkj HkkrA eafnjs ds
y?ksu vks/klh fxjh Hkgjku x<+h ns[kS x;uA lkFk vk, xk¡o ckys crkbu fd ^^ b;k
x<+h jgh gS csuqcalh jktk dsj] vksubleh lnh ek jhe¡k ds c?ksy jktk fclqukFk
flag ds lsuk p<+kbZ fdgs jghA flrygk dsj x<+h ?kyk; csuqcalh jktk rss
N¡M+k; ds] jktk f[krkc eatwj d, #fi;k 700 dsj emtk Hkyqgk nb ds jktk fclqukFk
flag] gk¡Fk >kj fygs jgsaA**
cM+s
fcgkusu rss yfx ds eksV eksV jksVh lsad yhu xbZ jghaA lkFk ek lkyu jgk fi;kt]
fejpk] uksu vkS xqM+A ,d lkFkh fNmyk ds iRru ek nqb jksVh yisVs ysvk; ds b;k
dgr gegh fnfgu fd ^^ysbZ ,dk /kb ysbZ [khlk ek] nqigfj;k ek bgS dke nsbZA
vksruh nkj] pcSuk rks isVs ijs vblu Nudr gS tblu xje rck ij ikuhA** fnu Hkj
fcfYy;kr vktkS ds nwukS gk¡du dsj vatke chrs fnuS ds ukbZa HkkA tcfd vkt dsj
gk¡dk mgk¡ djkck xk jgk tgk¡ [kkfrj eatwjh feyh jghA
fn;k
ckrh gks; xS jgh tc eafnj igq¡psuA Msjk lkeku c¡f/k xk jgkA tqvk¡ vkS fldkj dsj
cM+h tcj ykyp gksfr gSA ^ukbV Mªkbo* dsj dk;ZdØe r; dhu xkA rcS isVªksy dsj
^ysQ~VgSUM fMªosu thi ckMh* NksV gksck djr jghaA nqb lgk;du dk Msjk lkeku ds
lkFk nqljs fnuk cl rs vkcS dk dfg nhu xkA fujkl Fkds ekns lkFkh taxy ek ?kqlS
dsj b;k dfg ds fcjks/k fdfgu fd tc fnu Hkj ds g¡dkbZ ek tkucj ugha fudjsa rks
jkr dgk¡ rss vk; tbghaA fygktk thi ^lpZ ykbV* pedkcr py fnfgl MHkkSjk jhok jksM
dbZA xk¡o Nk¡M+r Fkksfju nwj thi pyh rcS ck¡, dbrh ds igjh ij rss mrjr ,d
fla?kkfM+;k lk¡Hkj ns[kku] ctjax HkkbZ Dyp vkS czsd nkfc ds fx;j fjyht db ds
thi Bk<+ djr jk;Qy mBkbu fd mvk ykbV nsf[k ds t¡mdk vkS ifNy ds ?kqfl xk cu
ekA ctjax flag dfgu^ ^^vkt u lgh dmukS fnuk rqEgkj [kcj t:j yscA** Qsj Qqfju
muds lkFk ekSdk fudkfj ds gegw¡ ?kyk; vk; vk; ds dckS lk¡Hkj dckS phrj rks dckS
?kksVjh fQlfdUuh ekfj y; x;u iS mvk ckyk fla/kkfM+;k phrj ugha ns[kkuA
xk¡o ds nfD[ku gS yEch igjh vksgh ds rjh rjh
nmM+r gS cu ekXkZ vkS nk¡, gk¡a nwj rd [ksrA MHkkSjk jhok jksM ycscke jgh tc
[ksru ek pjr rhu pkj ?kksVjh fQlfdUuh ns[kkuhA ^lpZykbV* ns[kkcS ckys /khjs
/khjs lh lh dsj blkjk fdfguA ^Mªkbo* djr ctjax HkkbZ thi jksfd ds gedk [kksfnu
ge nfguh dbZ vkxs cbB jgsu] fulkuk lk/ksuA ^lpZybV* gejs cUnwd *cSjsy* ds
^iSjsyy* tkr ,d ?kksVjh ij ijh] tmu pjc Nk¡fM+ ds ewM+ mBk; ds ykbV dbZ
fugkfjlA ck¡, ^cSjsy* ek jgk xksyh ckyk dkjrwl vkS ck¡, ek ,y0 th0A ge dmukS
iDds fulkus ckt rks g;u ugha vkxs ckyh fyifyih nck; fngsuA /kekdk Hkk vkS
?kksVjh fxfj ds pkjkS xksM+ Åij dbZ >Vdr lUuk; xS] vku Hkkx xbZaA mBk; ys
vk¡;s lkFkh thi ij ykfn ds vk; x;u iDdh lM+d ij vkS p<+; ykx thi ?kkVA
^lpZykbV* nwukS cktw pedr jgh vkbZA ?kkV pf<+ ds eSnku ij vkbZ thi] fljekSj
cLrh ns[kk; ykxA ^lpZykbV* cUn HkS rcfgu jkuh ryk, dbZ rss vkcr lqvju dsj
ysagM+ lM+d ikj fdfglA lpZykbVgk Bk<+ gks;ds ^vku* fdfgu] ctjax HkkbZ ds
jk;Qy ds ^cSjsy* gejs dkus ds tejs rss xjth vkS ysagM+ ds ihNs ckyh lqvjh fxjh
vkS mBS d fdfgl fd nwlj xksyh ck¡[kk e ?kqfl xSA ifgy ckyh xksyh iqV~Bk ek ykx
rSA
yky
ctjax flag dsj cguksbZ NksVs yky flag thi rss mrjsa dfgu ^^b;k fldkj [ksykbZ
ek iku&rek[kw vkS chM+h&flxjsV
ds vey dsj gks; xS ,slh rblh] vukt ds cksjk vl eq¡g fl, dc rs cbB gu thi ij vkS
rqidnkj ekjr gk¡a eknk lqvjhA vc tc rd ge vkiu vey u cq>k; ysc rc rd ;saBk¡;
rss u VjcA** lc tus thi rss mrfj ds vkiu vey cq>kbu] rc rd lqvjh thi ij
p<+kbZ tk; pqdh jghA fljekSj igq¡fp ds gedk mrkfju] ge pk; fi;S dsj vkxzg
fdgsu tmu ukeatwj gks; xk vkS thi cf<+ xS jhok dbZA
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