38

                           38&djc if”pe /kke rhjFk ;k=k

vViV gksr gS ekuq’k LoHkkoA cM+s ls cM+s fo’kkn dk jls jls fclkfj ds yfx tkr gS lEiUu dj; vkiu dkjt csmikjA ikfjokfjd NdM+k idM+ fygs jgk vkiu NwV yhdA fo|k th jksx.kh gks; xbZ jgha [kk¡lh dsjA mugh iM+; ykx jgk] tc rc [kk¡lh dsj nmjkA MkDVj fujh{k.k dj;¡] nckbZ fyf[k nsa;] lkFk; lquk; nas; ^b;k vk; ,ythZ] gekj iRuh ?kyk; ;sls ihfM+r gSa*A nwlj tus crkbu b;k nek jksx vk;A ;sdk tM+ ls m[kkM+ Mkj; dsj dmukS nck ugha vk;A gekj ekrk th ?kyk; ihfM+r gSaA viuk /kwj&/kDdM+ ls cfp ds jgck djh** vbluS vmjkS cgqr dqN lquk; ns;¡A fyf[k nsa; dmukS ,UVhckbfVd Mªx ds lkFk; dmukS dQ fljiA ,d lq?kuh bD;qiesUV ?kyk; cslgck; fngs jgsaA vLFkkbZ jkgr fefy tkr jghA ;sdj nmjk cM+s varjky ds ckn nksgjk gksr jgkA

nhukukFk nEifr tc fey;¡ r nksgjk; ns;¡ feljk ^}kjdk/khl dsj n”kZu dc djkmc\ cu; ysbZ dk;ZØe vkS pyh db vbZ if”pe /kke ;k=kA chfr xs jgsa rhu eghuk nf{k.k /kke ;k=k fdgsA chfr x; jgh “kjn _rq vkS e/kqekl ?kyk;] iM+; ykx jgh xjeh] eghuk jgk vIkzSy 1999 dsj tc gekj ik¡pu dsj if”pe Hkkjr xqtjkr izk¡r ds ;k=k dsj dk;ZØe cukA dbvd fe= Vksafdu fd xqtjkr ek cgqr xjeh iM+fr gS] b;k _rq ek mgk¡ dsj ;k=k u dj; d pkghA Hkkjr ns”k ds ;k=k laca/kh lkfgR; dsj ge v?;u djr b;k tku; ik;s jgsu fd vf/kdka”k txgu ds ;k=k [kkfrj EkkpZ vkS vizSy eghuk eqQhn gksr gSA ;sls ge tokc n; nsr jgsu fd ge ik¡pu dsj ;k=k leqnz rVh; gS] tgk¡ dsj vkoks gok ekr fny i<+; d feyfr gSA dsruh ifjfLFkfr;u dk /krk crkcr r ;k=k dk;ZØe rS;kj Hkk jgkA vkf[kj dkj 18 vizSy 1999 dk djk; Mkjsu vfxze vkj{k.kA b;k ;k=k [kkfrj] jhok ls Vªsu idfM+ ds 19 rkjh[k d fcgku gksr vk; igq¡psu Hkksiky] tgk¡ ls lk¡f> ds idM+; d jgk jktdksV ckyh Vªsu vkS Qsj mgk¡ ls vks[kk tk; okyh Vªsu dkA rc; NRrhlx<+] e?; izns”k ls fuukj ugha Hkk jgkA jkfcu bgk¡ Hkksiky e inLFk jgsaA jgr jgsa f”kokth uxj ds cl LVki ua0 lk<+s N ds usjs ljdkjh DokVZj ekA nhukukFk flag liRuhd vkVks ls mrfj ds pys xsa vius fifrvkmr ygqj HkkbZ jktsUnz dqekj flag ds c¡xyk ek¡] ts jgsa e/; izns”k ljdkj dsj ea=hA FkksM+k vkxs vk; ds fo|k th ds lkFk ge vk; x;u jkfcu ds bgk¡A lk¡f> ds jkfcu ljdkjh ,EcsLMj exk; ds gedk ik¡pu dk jsYos LVs”ku igq¡pkbu] rc; vk; xs nhukukFk nEifrA

Vªsu jokuk Hk;] vkxs c<+r jkr tc mTtSu ikj gks; x; r yksx f[kM+dh cUn dj; ykxsaA dg; ykxsaa fd b;k {ks= [krjukd gSA vDlj ekek yksx rhj deku YkSl geyk cksy nsr gSaA ekek ekus Hkhy vkfnoklhA jkr Hkj /kkor jgh Vªsu] fnu Hkj /kkbZ rc tk; ds igq¡pkbl jktdksVA bgk¡ ls }kfjdk ds yxs vks[kk igq¡p; [kkfrj Vªsu cny; d iM+r gSA cksxh vkS cFkZ uEcj ys; [kkfrj dj; d IkM+r gS dok;nA jktdksV e gejs fifrvkmr] lcls ygqj cfguh] eatw dsj tsB eukstdqekj flag jsYos iqfyl ek inLFk jgsaA iqfyl vkoklh; {ks++= e gsjr&[kkstr mudk ik; x;uA gejs lkFk pfy ds Å¡ LVs”ku vk;sa vkS lc dk ysck; ys vk;sa vius vkokl ekA  bgk¡ vk; ds lc tus ugk;u /kks;uA mudj iRuha pyh xbZ jgha mRrj izns”k ds vius xk¡oA  Ekukst HkkbZ dsj vksa fnuk M;wVh vkQ jghA tc rd jkr ek Vªsu ij ugha  p<k; fnfgu gekj ik¡pu dsj lkFk ughs NkfM+uA csgn ldqpku jgs vk;sa] ;sls fd gedk ik¡pu dk Hkkstu ugha djk; ldsaA LVs”ku ds osfVax gky ek nwukS efgyu dk cbBk; ds nhukukFk flag vkS gedk ysok; yb xsa] ge mfej vius pkpk] thrsUnz cgknqj flag ds yx] ts jsYos iqfyl vkfQl ek

 M;wVh jr jgsaA Å¡ feysa vkS okilh ek vius bgk¡ Bgj; dsj gels opu fyfguA crkbu fd mudj DokVZj LVs”ku ds yxsu gS tgk¡ lifjokj jfg jgs gSaA

Lkcsjs vks[kk vk; ds Vªsu Bk< HkSA vks[k jsYps dsj vafre LVs”ku vk; tgk¡ ls vkVks&VSDlh ls }kfjdk vkS Qsjh cksV ls csV}kfjdk tkck tkr gSA vks[kk LVs”ku lss vkVks ij cbfB ds }kfjdk igq¡psuA vizSy 18 d lk¡f> ds jhok ls pys] bgk¡  rkjh[k 21 d losjs ig¡qpsuA vkVks mrkfjl }kfjdk/khl eafnj ds uxhps ,d /kEkZ”kkyk ekA bgk¡ Bgj; [kkfrj] #fi;k 70 izfr fnu ds nj ls tsy vl dkydksBjh feyhA Åij ls ehBs ikuh dsj jgh cafn”kA ;kpuk fdgs ij] eSustj lkgc mvk dksBjh ds lkeus ds cjkenk e lks; ys; dsj eatwjh n; fnfguA YkSfVªu vkS ckFk:e jgsa v¡xuk ek] tgk¡ jgk [kkjk ikuhA crkck xk fd bgkS ikbi }kjk dgkSa nwj ls }kfjdk uxjh e vkcr gSA ugk;&/kks; fygsu] r ghaB fngsu eafnju dbZA bgk¡ tmu ns[k; lqu; d feyk vc ge vksgh dsj c[kku djcA

 bgk¡ dbvd eafnj gSa] izeq[k gSa&}kjdk/kh”k th] dY;k.kjk; th] iq#’kksRrejk; th] nsodh ekrk th] ek/kojk; th] vEck th] y{eh th] xksc/kZu nkÅ th vkS lR;ukjk.k thA bgk¡ ds iqjko”ks’k egkHkkjr dky dsj ekus tkr gSaA Hkxoku Jh d`’.k th eFkqjk vkS c`Unkcu Nk¡fM+ ds bgk¡ vk; ds jktk cfu xsaA tjkla/k ds vkØks”k vkS vkØe.k ls ;knou ds lqj{kk [kkfrj] }kjdk dsj LFkkiuk fdgs jgsaA }kfjdk ds jktk jsoUr }kjk fufeZr dq”kLFkyh ds /oalko”ks’k ij ;sdj fuekZ.k dhu xk gSA }kjdk ikzphu Hkkjr dsj nqvkj vkS canjxkg ekuk tkr gSA

}kjdk/kh”k eafnj ifjlj esa os.khek/ko] iq#’kksRre th] nsodh th ds eafnj ds vykck vkfn”kadjkpk;Z dsj “kkjnkihB eB vkS xn~nh fLFkr gSA orZeku }kjdk/kh”k eafnj dsj fuekZ.k iUnzgoha&lksygoha “krkCnh ds nkSjku xqtjkr ds pkyqD; jktoa”k ds dykdkS”ky ds vk;kstuk vuq:Ik Hkk gSA ;sek xHkZx`g] varjky] lHkke.Mi vkS gSS eq[; e.MiA eafnj ds fHkrjs dsj Hkkx] fut eafnj ds uke ls tkuk tkr gS] tsdk 2500 cfj’k iqjku ekuk tkr gSA 27 ehVj yEcs vkS 20 ehVj pkdy {ks= e iljs eafnj ds f”k[kj dsj m¡pkbZ 51 +8 ehVj gS vkS eaMi gS 72 vyad`r LraHku okykA eafnj ik¡p ryk gS] gj ry ek vkxs dbdk fudjs >jks[kk gSa] tmu vyad`r gSa iq’Ik vkS Ik”kq vkd`fr lsA ikjorhZ dky ek  eafnj ek esj esj dsj tksM+ r¡xksj gksr jgk vkckA n”kZukFkhZ eafnj ek LoxZ }kj ls izos”k db ds Ekks{k}kj ls fudjr gSA

vc pyh osV }kfjdk d tkuk tk;] tmu vk; VkiwA tsdk cgqrsjs HksaV }kfjdk dgr gSA dgk tkr gS bg¡; vk; ds lqnkek vius fe+= Jh d`’.k ls HksaV fdgs jgsaA d`’.k&lqnkek HksV dsj] ujksRre nkl jfpr *lqnkek pfj=* cgqr lqUnj i| jpuk gSA

  bgk¡ ds lkxj ty cgqr [kkjk gSA osV }kfjdk ;k HksaV }kfjdk ig¡qp; [kkfrj vfxu cksV&Qsjh dsj lokjh bgk¡ ekStwn gSa] ftudj la{;k 1000 ux crkbZ tkfr gSA fdfLr;u ek vf/kd gklZ ikoj ds batu yxs gSa] tmu clu vkS Vªdu e ykxr gSaA b;k Vkiw ij eqlyeku lekt dsj tula[;k vf/kd gSA tkfgj gS vf/kdka”k uko&fdLrh bufgu ik¡pu dsj gbZaA tg¡; ns[k; rg¡;] ukou ij gjs jax ds >.Mh&>>Mk Qgjkr ns[kkr gSa] ftu ij vafdr jgr gSa Pkk¡n&flrkjkA bgk¡ eNfju dsj O;kid csmokj gksr gSA leqnz rVu ij NksV cM+h eNfju dsj mdk¡o yxs ns[kr gSaA cM+h f?kugh xa/k Qby jgr gSA

bgk¡ leqnz rV ij eNfju dsj tcj C;kikj gksr gSA bgk¡] mgk¡] tgk¡ ns[k; rgk¡] NksV&cM+h eNfju dsj Å¡p&Å¡p mdk¡vksa yxs ns[kbgha vkS izku ysok xaf/k dk dgc; dk djh\ bg; ekgkSy e fdLrh ij lokj gks; ds lkxj ikj d; ds vk; igq¡psu osV}kfjdkA fdLrh ls mrfj ds osV}kfjdk ds /kjrh ij dne /kjsu vkS ghaB pysu egy&eafnj dbZ] tmu cgqr fu;js ugha vk¡;A chPk xby ek ,d iDdk c¡/kk rykc feykA vksds ckjs e dqN [kkl ugha tku; ik;u vkS cf<+ ds igq¡fp x;u izos”k }kj ikj djr fHkrjsA bgk¡ }kfjdkukFk vkS tejs ek cM+h iVjkuh jkf/kdk th dsj izfrek LFkkfir gSaA   budk ns[kr lksp; ykxsu fd jkf/kdk th cMh iVjkuh dblu\ rc; iV [kqykA cgjgky lkeus vyad`r LraHku ckyk yEck] pkdy vkS Å¡p cjkenk gSA bg¡; ,d tkxk ,dck cbB gkjeksfu;e ctkor] lwjnkl in jkxuh fc[kjko; ykx fd eu eqX/k gks; xkA cgqr e/kqj d.B jgkA “kq) “kCn mPpkj.k ls ykx; fd ge ik¡p xqtjkrh Hkk’kk {ks= e ugha] vius fgUnh Hkk’kk {ks= e g;uA

bgk¡ ds Hkouu dk nsf[k ds v¡xus dbZ vk;u r ,d [kqyk cjkenk ds ckjs e crkok xk fd bgS LFky vk; tgk¡ d`’.k] lqnkek dsj ranqy [kk;s jgsaA bgk¡ cuh gSa vklanh tgk¡¡ n”kukfFkZu dk cbBk; ds izlkn nhu tkr gS vkS olwyk tkr gS #fi;k 51 ls ybds gtkju] gtkju rdA pjpk ls tkus feyk fd bgk¡ ds egyu dk cM+ksnjk ds xk;dokM+ egkjktk] th.kksZ)kj djk;s jgsaA egyu d ns[ks gedk ykx fd buds fuekZ.k ek dkB dsj mi;ksx vf/kd gSA d`’.k izfrek ?kyk; dkB dsj cuh ykxr gS] tcfd iqtsjh th crkbu fd mvk vk; dkys ikFkj dsjA Hkkjrh; iqjkrRo okysu ds mR[kuu ls b;k fl) gks; xk gS fd }kjdk vius tkxk ij NBohs csjdh LFkkfir Hkk gSA ifgys ik¡p csj cuh lkbV ikuh e cwfM+ pqdh gSA ns[k; d r ugha feyk] iS lquS d feyk fd ihNs leqnz dbZ vktkS mR[kuu dkjt pkyw gS] tgk¡ vke tu ds izos”k fufl) gSA

xqtjkrh Hkk’kk&Hkk’kh izkUr ek ckxr&?kwer] b;k ugha ykx fd ge ik¡ps fgUnh Hkk’kh {ks= ls vyx dgkSa ckfx jgsu gSA bgk¡ tmu dqN [kk; d fey;] mvk lqLokn jgr jgkA vf/kdka”k vk;Ve r viusu izkUr dsj a jgsaA ,d ckr bgkS uhd ykx fd nf{k.k dbZ ds ukbZa] bgk¡ dgkSa csjhdsV e ugha /kql; d iM+kA bgk¡ ds yksx lTtu vkS feyulkj gSaA ,d lTtu lq>ko fnfgu&^”kadj Hkxoku ds 12 T;ksfrfyZaxu esa ls ,d ukxs”oj egknso T;ksfrfyZax bgk¡ }kfjdk ls 25 fdyksehVj nwjh ij fLFkr gS] vksdj n”kZu d; ys; pkghA chp jkg ek #De.kh th dsj eafnj fLFkr gS vksgw dsj n”kZu dhu tk;A bgkS crkbu fd mgk¡ tk; [kkfrj vkVks ds lokjh djc mfpr jghA vkVks mvk r; dhu tk; tmus ek batu ihNs yxk gks;A

ukxs”oj T;ksfrfyZax rd vkok&tkgh [kkfrj ihNs batu ckyk ctkt vkVkS #fo;k 120 e r; gks;xkA tcfd eafnju e izos”k [kkfrj #fi;k 290 [kjp; d iM+k vkS Hkkstu [kkfrj #fi;k 94A vkVks vk; ds Bk<+ Hkk #De.kh eafnj ifjlj ds ckgjA lkeusu Bk<+ gS iqjkrRo foHkkx dsj cksMZ tmus ek vafdr gS eafnj ds ckjs ek tkudkjhA fuekZ.k dky vafdr gS ckjgoha&rsjgoha lnh bZLohA eafnj dbZ c<+su] tmu fLFkr gS Å¡ph txrh ijA ;sek nqb xHkZx`g gSa vkS nwukS ds chp ls gS vkj ikj xbygjkA eafnj Hkhrj izos”k gksr gS ck¡bZ dbZ ls] vyad`r LrEHku ij fufeZr e.Mi ek ogq¡fp ds xHkZx`g ek fcjkth foxzg dsj n”kZu gksr gSA ckgj eafnj izca/ku dsj uksfVl cksMZ yxk gS] tmus dsj vk”k; gS fd bgk¡ ds iqjksfgr nku&nf{k.kk ugha ysa;A lHkk e.Mi ds fHkrjs ,d iqjksfgr fgUnh ek dqfir nqokZlk “kki dsj dgkuh c[kkur jgsa] tsds dkj.k bgk¡ cw¡n Hkj ehBk ikuh feyc nqyZHk gSA eafnj ifjlj ek fu%”kqDy ehBk ikuh fivkc; dsj O;oLFkk eafnj izca/ku fdgs gSA izopu djrk crkcr jgsa fd b;k eafnj 5 gtkj cfj’k iqjku vk;A ;ssdj fuekZ.k Hkxoku Jh d`’.k ds iM+iksrk djk;s jgsaA eafnj ds ckgj ,d vuvyad`r vkS lk/kj.k ij lqUnj] pkj [kEHku ij cuk e.Mi gekj /;ku vkdf’kZr fdfglA bg¡; ,d tejs] cgqr NksV vkdkj ds eafnj ek guqeku izfrek LFkkfir gSA

bgk¡ lc nsf[k&lqfu ds vk; cbBsu vkVks ij] mvk cf<+ pyk vkxs dk vkS vk; ds Bk<+ Hkk ukxs”oj eafnj ifjlj ds ckgj ikfdZax LFky ijA vkVks ij cbB fdyks feVju nwj ls ns[kkr jgk] mUeqDr xxu rjh fuekZ.kk/khu fo”kky f”ko fyax] y?ks vk; ds vksdk ns[kr nk¡rs rjh v¡xqjh nfc x;A fVdV dVk; ds ifjlj ek ?kqlsuA yEcs] pkSM] Å¡p+s vkS lkQ&lqFkjs Hkouu ds ck¡;s dbZ okys iqjku eafnj ds xHkZx`g ek  rjh d /k¡ls LFky ij fLFkr gS ewy ukxs”oj fyaxA cyqvk ikFkj ds gks; ds dkj.k f[kfj xk gSA tblu gejs bgk¡ jhok fdyk fHkrjs okyk egke`R;qat; f”kofyaxA bgk¡ ds ukxs”oj egknso fyax vksgw ls vf/kd f[kfj ds gks; xk gS cgqr NksVA

pyr jgk bgk¡ tcj fuEkkZ.kdk;ZA irk pyk #fi;k 10 djksM+ ykxr dsj gS b;k izkstsDVA b;k izkastsDV vk; LoxhZ; xqy”ku dqekj dsj] tsdk iwjk djk; jgk gS mudj ifjokjA b;k LFky dsj dksÅ ikSjkf.kd vk{;ku c[kkfuuA ^ vkt ls 5 gtkj cfj’k ifgys dsfj ckfr vk;A bgk¡ jgk ?kksj ?kuk nk#dk cu] tsek ckl djr jgsa nSR;A oS|“kadj] Hkxoku f”ko dsj iwtk dfj ds }kjdk uxjh clkbuA Jh d`’.k] j.k NksafM+ ds bgk¡ vk;sa vkS j.kNksj dgk;saA budj ;q) tjkla/k ls Hkk jgkA

T;sfrfYkZax eafnj ds cbcs ,d ifV~Vdk ij 12 T;ksfrfyZaxu ds juke vafdr gSa&1&/k”oes”oj] 2&dsnkjukFk] 3&=;acds”oj] 4&fo”oukFk] 5&lkseukFk] 6&efYydktqZu] 7&egkdkys”oj] 8&veys”oj vkadkjs”oj] 9&oS|ukFk] 10&Hkhek”kadj] 11&jkes”pj vkS 12&ukxs”ojA ckgj vk;u r cslkfg fygsu iksFkh ^Hkxoku “kadj ds 12 T;ksfrfYkZaxks dh dFkk*A iqjk.kuu ek of.kZr vk[;kf;du ds ukbZa ;sgw ek dkYifud vykSfdd ?kVuu dsj o.kZuu gsSaA iqLrd ek 21 dFkk vkS 9 mifyaxu dsj vfrfjDr uke ntZ gSaA

bgk¡ ls okil pysu fBdkuk dbZ r eu ek ckr mBh fd lkfgR;dkj ,sjS ugha dksl¡; cktkjckn dkA /kkfEZkd LFkyu ds ikfdZax ek okgu Bk<+ dj; dk ns; d iM+r gS nkeA ifjlj ek ?kqql; d ns; d ijr gS nkeA p<+ks=h vkS izlkn [kkfrj [kjp; d iM+r gS nkeA nke; fngs Vscqy ij ljdr gh QkbyA vufxur ,u0 th0 vks0 lapkfyr gSaA dmukS f”k{kk ls lacaf/kr gS dmukS dyk vkS lkfgR; lsA vbl; u tkuh dsrus vk;eu [kkfrj tgk¡ gksr gS ctkj ds ukbZa ysu nsuA

xqtjkr ds tkeuxj {ks= ds ]}kfjdk cLrh ek] ehB ikuh dsj gS tcj vHkkoA ikbiu ds ek/;e ls dgkSa nwj ls] vkcr gS ehB ikuhA b;k {ks= ds mRrj iw#c dbZ gS ^dPN dh [kkM+h* vkS ifPNe dbZ vjc lkxjA cl nfD[ku dbZ Hkj gS Hk¡qb HkkxA rkTtqc gksr gS bgk¡ dgkSa vejkbZ ugha vk;A tc fd xqtjkr izk¡r dsj vkek gkiql vkS dslj elgwj gSaA bgk¡ ds yksx lh/ks lkns vkS gSa feyulkjA ijEijkxr jgu lgu vkS ifj/kku dsj gSa izsehA /kkj.k djr gSa lqisn oL=A ewM+s ij vius [kkl <ax dsj ck¡/kr gSa eqjSBkA ifgjr gSa Åij [kwc ?ksj nkj Ndfy;k vl ^>qjgh* vkS dfjgk¡ ek ^?kksj.kh*] tmu gksfr gS [kkl <ax ds ik;tkek ukbZaaA gedk vpfEHkr fdfgl bgk¡ ds ^/kksfy;k* ekus ekpk] tmus ds ,d is#vk ls vius bgk¡ ds ekpk dsj cfu tk¡; pkj is#vkA tmu rjh gksr gaS vfdgk; tcj /kqjeql ds ukbZaA ^/kksfy;k* tgk¡ fcNk gks; mgk¡ ls vUr; Vkj; [kkfrj tqgckc; d ijh de ls dke pkj tusu dkA

tmus /keZ”kkyk e Bgjs jgsu vksds yxsu jgk lkseukFk tk; ckyh cl dsj dk;Zky;A clsa “kgj ds b;k {ks=  e ugha vke; ike¡;A lk¡f>u ds cl dk;kZy; ls #fi;k 320 nb ds cqd djk; yhu pkj lhVsaA rkjh[k jgh gS 22 vizSy] tc lcsjs cl lkseukFk d jekuk Hk;A vjc lkxj ds iw#c tejs tejs nfD[ku dk c<+r pyh tkfr gS lM+dA dgkSa dgkSs r leqnz ;sruk usjs gS fd cl vksgh ij /kk; jgh gSA bgk¡ dmum cLrh vkS cu’ifr;u dsj ukeks fu”kku rd ugha ns[kkuA vn~Hkqr jgk n`”;A vbl; feyr tqyr n`’; ns[ks jgsu ns”k nfD[ku HkwHkkx ekA Ik; mgk¡ cLrh vkckn jgh gSaA NksV NksV xVbu ek ikuh Hkjs uksu fujeku izfØ;k cl ij lokj ns[k; d feyh jghA

cl pyr pyr lqLrk; [kkfrj] pk;&ikuh dj; ds lkFk; nsoh n”kZu dj; [kkfrj Bk<+ gks; x; lM+d ds tejs ,d eafnj ds vkxwA cgqr lqUnj n`’; jgkA eafnj Fkks: m¡pkbZ ij gS] vksds ihNw gS gjh Hkjh igjhA lM+d ds nqljs ikj drkj ls yxh nqdku ds ihNw gS lkxjA LFky lkxj ry ls Fkks: gS m¡pkbZ ijA lkxj rjaxs vk; vk; ejrh gSa FkisM+ Hk¡qb;k dk vkS Nk¡fM+ tkrh gSa] esj esj ds vkdkj&izdkj dsj /kksa?kk] ?kksa?kh vkS NksV cM+s “ka[kA ,d ifjckj cl ls mrfj xk nqdkuu ls Qbys lkxj njlu dj; dkA gYyk efpxk fd vksdk fefy xk nf{k.korhZ la[kA cgqqr nsj rd vius vius xksy ek ;sds ckfnj [kqlqj&Qqlqj eph jgh v;hA

bgk¡ ds vlyh iqjku g’kZnekrk eafnj gS igkM+h ds Åij] ;kf=u ds lqfo/kk [kkfrj] uok cuck; nhu xk gS lM+d ds fu;js] tmus ls p<+ks+++=h ikc; dsj tqxkM+ tfe xk gSA bgk¡ ls cl pyh r vk; ds Bk<+ Hk;] xk¡/kh ckck ds tueLFkku iksjcanj ekA cl Bk<+ gksr;] vksgks! vblu f?kugh ckl  C;kIr gks; x; fd vc dk dgh\ mvk xaf/k dsj cjuu ugha dhu tk; ld;A bgkSa eNjh ds tcj csmikj gksr gSA  cjreku ds bg; xa/kbys tkxk ek] crkck tkr gS fd dyifud }kij dky ek d`’.kfe= lqnkek dsj vkokl dqfV;k jgh gSA lqnkek vius fe= d`’.k ls ts vc jktk gks; x, jg]sa fefy ds vk;sa r mudj dqfV;k xk;c gks; x; jgh vkS Bk<+ gks; x jgsa egy nqegykA fcfYy;ku lqnkek Q¡fl ds HkwyHkqYYkb;k ekA vksdj lqf/k nsckc; [kkfrj /kje/kkjh vLFkkoku tu xqBqvk Hkjs ds m¡pkbZ dsj cuck; fngs gSa HkwyHkqyb;k fcEe tmus] ek vkLFkkoku pdesM+jh fQfj ds vkiu /kkjfed vkLFkk iq[rk djr gSaA vksgh ds tejs likV iDdh Q”kZ cuh gS tgk¡ vukt nkuk cslkfg ds yksx NhafV nsr gSa vkS ijsck vk; ds xqV:¡xw&xqV:¡xw djr ekSt eLrh djr nkuk pqxr gSaSA

bg¡; ifgys ifgy ns[k; d feyh] xqtjkfru dsj xkSoal ds izfr /kkjfed vkLFkkA tgk¡ rgk¡ cuh gSa iDdh pjghA Hkjk jgr gS ikuhA dqN jgrh gSa jhrA fcdrh gSa tksujh djch dsj #fi;k ik¡p ik¡p dsj twjhA mudk cslkfg ds yksx pjfgu ek Mkfj nsr gSa] vkokjk fQjr xÅekrk cal vk; ds mnjLr db ysr gSaA mudj r isV Hkjr gS vkS r`fIr gksfr  gS vkRek mvk ekuq’k dsj ts djch cslkfg ds pjgh e Mkjr gSaA tk=h ?kyk; b;k miØe djr /kfUUk eku ysr gS vius dkA

iksjcanj ek dmukS [kkl r ns[k; d ugha feyk] mg; /kkjfed vkLFkkokysu d fHk#gkc; d lkEkkU; eafnj fujfer gSa] mugh nsf[k ds vk; cbBsu cl ijA cl pyh vkS jkLrk e tmu dlck ns[kk¡;] mgkSa xkSoal lacaf/kr miØe ns[kr vk; igq¡psu ,d <kck ds lkeusA cl Bk<+ Hk;A ?kksM+/kmM+ eph jgh isVs ekA <kck ds lwpuk Qyd ek fy[kk jgk bgk¡ ijlk tk; ckyk Hkkstu vkS vksdj nkeA fy[kk jgk] cktjk ds jksVh] “kq)ns”kh ?kh] ngh vkS HkjrkA bg; exk;uA cgqr LkqvkfnLV jgkA lqf/k vkbZ Hkksiky e pyr ds nkjh ea=h jktsUnz dqekj flag ds iRuh jatuk flag dgs jgha fd ^[kkuk gksVy e u [k; ds <kck e [kkc*A lkjFkd ykx mudj lykgA [kkuk [kk; ds cl ek vk; ds cbBsu r fo|k th dgs jgha fd ^dgkSa ctjh feyh r [kjhn ysc] ge viuk dk bg; lc ?kj ek cuk; ds [kckmc*A ifgys tc muds ebds ek ugj ugha jgh] rc rd ctjh] tck vkS xUuk ds [ksrh gksr jgh djNuk ekA buls cus LokfnLV O;atu gegw¡ d [kk; d feyr jgsaA vc cnfy x; gS djNuk dsj [ksrh i)fr vkS nqyZHk gks; xk gS iqjku ijaijkxr HkkstuA

[kkuk [kk; ds jhru] cl e cbBsu r igq¡pk; fnfgl vkf[kjh eafty lkseukFk ds ifgys csjkoyA bgk¡ ds leqnz e ibjr gtkju NksV cM+h ukosa ns[kkuh vkS leqnz dsj ikuh yyNjA nqjxaf/k ;sruh Hkh’k.k fd ne ?kqV;A bgk¡ cl #dh ughs cf<+ ds vk; igq¡ph lkseukFkA gk¡ <kck ds ifgysu ls {ks= gjk Hkjk ns[kk; ykx jgk tmu bgk¡ ig¡pr rd cjdjkj jgk vkckA b;k {ks= gS mitkÅA b;k {ks= ds xk¡ou ek vius {ks= ds ukbZa [kijSy ?kj ugha ns[kkusA edku jgsa iDds Nr nkj b;k fd VkbYl okysA xk¡o ds vkl ikl vkek] ufj;j vkS phdw dsj gjs Hkjs cxbpk gSaA ,d ?kj ds vkl ikl b;k lc nsf[k ds fo|k th cksyha ^^dk vblu; lstgjh ugha gks; ld;**\ gekj tckc jgk ^^gks; dkgs ugha ld;] c”krsZ mgk¡ ge rqe jg; ykxh rcA nwlj ckfr vxj lstgjh dsj gekj ?kj eSnku ek vbl; lM+d ds tejs gks; r vcgw¡ mgkS cl ij cbBs vbl; ns[kbZ**A

lkseukFk igq¡pr; Bgj; dsj fBdkuk [kkstsu tmu gjfcu fefyxkA lkseukFk VªLV /keZ”kkyk ds #fi;k 90&90 ek fefy xsa nqb dejkA tgk¡ ls uxhpsu gS ,d dbZ lkseukFk dsj uo fufeZr eafnj vkS nqljs dbZ vfgY;kckbZ dsj cuckck iqjku eafnjA dejk jgsa vkjke nsgA djhc 200 fdyks ehVj ds ;k=k fdgs ls Fkds ekns jgsu] vPNh uhn vkbZA jkr nqb&rhu cts vdcfdvk; ds tkfx mBsuA ekjs cncw ds lk¡l ysr u cu;A bg; r b;k {ks+= ek f?kugkbZ gS] fd tmus #[k ek leqnz ls mBh gck eq¡g Qsfjl fd  eubZ ds ftm yS ys; ckyh xa/kbyh gck ig¡qpk; fnfglA

fcgku gksrS ghaB fngsu lkseukFk ds uofufeZr eafnj dbZA tsds [kkfrj 13 uoacj lu 1947 dk Lora= Hkkjr ns”k ds ifgy mi iz/kku ea=h] ljnkj oYYkHk HkkbZ iVsy] leqnz ds ty v¡tqjh e yb ds fuekZ.k dsj ladYi fdgs iw.kZ djkbuA eafnj ds Å¡p izos”k }kj ds cjkcj nwukS tejs] ckfgj dk fudjs] vyad`r >jks[ksnkj nqb dejk fuekZ.k dsj “kksHkk c<+kor gSaA ;sbu Åij ds eafty e gks; xs gSa rhuA budj xqcan xksy u gks; ds gSa pkSdksjA eafnj ds Hkhtj ?kqlrS 56 vyad`r [kEHku okyk Å¡pk lHkk e.Mi gSA vkxs gS xHkZx`g tgk¡ izfLFkr gS dkys ikFkj dsj tcj f”kofyaxA xHkZx`g ds nk¡;s vkS ck¡;s dbZ] nqeaftyk fudkl nqvkj gSaA eafnj ek tmu ?k.Vk V¡xk gS vksds ckjs ek crkck fd vksdj out gS ,d lkS euA eafnj ifjlj foLr`r gS vkS fLFkr gS ,su vjc lkxj rV ijA leqnzh ygjsa gksM+ yxk;s jgrh gSa ;sls Vdjk; dkA ,d vkbZ eafnj ijdksVk ds nscky ij eqM+ nS ekfjl NikdA mvk cgqjh fd nwlj vk; ds Vdjku NikdA b;k Øe gj iy&fNu] vkBkS igj] ful fnu&jkr tkjh jgk vkcr gSA fn[ksu r ugha iS crkck xk fd Tokj&HkkVk tc vkor gS rc bZa ygjsa fodjky :I /kkj.k d; ysrh gSaS vks Tkksj nkj Nikdk ejrh gSaA

eafnj ds nfgus vyax] ckfgj ds ifjlj ij ,d pkSdksj] EkksV vks Å¡p] ikFkj dsj LrEHk Bk<+ gSA f”k[kj ij rhj dsj vkd`r cuh gSA vksdj uksd gS nf{k.k fn”kk dbZA rjh LrEHk ij v¡xjsth ek bckjr mdsjh gS& The light path  strechine without obstruction up to the south pole over the end of the ocean.        ¼fuckZ/k iljk gS vkyksd ekxZ egklkxj ds vURk nf{k.kh /kzqo rd½ bgk¡ vk; ds mRrj dbZ ihB fdgs fugkjuA tgk¡ rd nf{k.k dbZ utj igq¡fp ldh mgk¡ rd uhykHk lkxj ds vykok dqNw ugha ns[kkuA b;k ns[kr pfdr gks; ds vuqHkwfr Hk; fd okg! lkseukFk ds b;k eafnj ds ,d dbZ r gS Hkq¡b vkS rhu dbZ gS lkxj vkS lkxj ds vykok dqNw ugha vk;A

b;k eafnj nsf[k ds pfy nhu mRrj cLrh dbZ] lkseukFk ds iqjku eafnj ns[k;A b;k eafnj cgqr HkO; ugha vk;A ckr lqus ls tkus feyk fd lgL=kfCn iwoZ] bg¡; jgh vfrizkphu izHkk’kiV~     Vu uke dsj tcj uxjhA bg¡; jgk lkseukFk dhfrZoku egky;A vkt ls djhc ,d gtkj cfj’k ifgys tsdk yqVsjk egewn xtuh ywVs jgkA ybxk jgk 200 eu otu dsj lksus dsj ?k.Vk vkS ef.k ekf.kD;A [kf.Mr d; fngs jgk iksjlk Hkj Å¡p vkS csek Hkj eksV ikFkj ds f”kofyax dkA mvk eafnj dsj fujeku Hkk jgk bZLoh 406 ekA tsds ckjs ek vkpk;Z prqjlsu d`fr ^lkseukFk* ds vafre i`’B ek k tkudkjh ntZ gS&

^lkseukFk ds fouk”k vkSj th.kksZ)kj dk fooj.k Jh ve`ryky ik¡.M;k us blizdkj fd;k gS&

fouk”k                                    th.kksZ)kj

egewn xtuoh bZLoh 1024                   Hkhenso izFke] bZLoh lu 1026

dqekjiky 1196

     vyQ [kku bZLoh 1297

vgen”kg] 1314

“kEl[kku] 1318                            efgiky] 1325

eqtQ~Qj[kku 1394

rkrkj[kku1320

vkSjaxtsc ekjQr] 1706                     vfgY;kckbZ gksYdj 1765

lkseukFk ek bZa nwum izeq[k eafnju ds vykck dbvd vmjkS n”kZuh; LFky gSaA mgkS tk; tk; tk;tk fygsuA muek jgsa lw;Z eafnj] xhrk eafnj] txr xq# “kkjnk eB] Hkkyqdk eafnj tgk¡ d`’.k th dk rhj ykx jgk mgkSa tk; ds ns[ksuA f=os.kh laxe tgk¡ fgj.; unh fdukjs d`’.k th nsgksRlxZ fdfgu rSA mgk¡ ,d NksV dk lqUnj Nrqjh cuh gSA ukxLFkku tgk¡ d`’.k th ds tsB HkkbZ cyjke “ks’kukx Lo:Ik xzg.k xzg.k fdgs jgsaA iap ik.Mo xqQk tgk¡ [kkfrj crkck xk fd ik.Mo vKkr okl fdgs jgsaA b;k LFky cLrh ls tqjs ,d NksVh igkM+h ij gSSA b;k lc ns[kr lqur gegh lc cdckl ykxA bgkS ykx fd dkYifud }kij ;qx ds c[kku djr] xqtjkr vius bgk¡ tUes xk¡/kh th vkS ljnkj iVsy d fcljk; jgk gSaA dkgs ls fd Å¡ ik¡ps fgUnh dk ns”k dsj lEidZ Hkk’kk ekur /kM+Yys ls fgUnh cksyr jgsa] ij bgk¡ ds izR;sd lwpuk iVy ij xqtjkrh ds vykok v¡xjsth dsj bckjr r ntZ gbZa ij fgUnh dsj mis{kk dhu xS gSA lcrj tk; tk; b;k lc nsf[k ds cgqfj vk;u iqfu ds lkseukFk eafnj ekA vcdh vksds pkjkS dbZ] [kkl rkSj ls leqnz dbZ ckfx ds ns[kr jgs vk;uA jkr 7 cts ds vkjrh ek lkfey Hk;uA “ka[kukn] pkS?kfM+;k ?k.V dsj egk?kks’k eqX/k d; fnfgl euA

vizSy 24 dk lkseukFk ls lcsjs jekuk gks; ds 5 cts lk¡f> ds jktdksV igq¡psuA bgk¡ ls jkr Hkksiky [kkfrj Vªsu cny; d jgkA oknk eqrkfod ftrsUnz cgknqj flag ds DokVZj tk; ds pkjkS tus Msjk Mkhj fngsuA Å¡ [kqn M~;wVh ek jgsaA budj isVHk: iRuh vkS c`) ekrk th gedk ik¡pu dk Hkkstu djkbuA enn ek jgsa eukst dqekj flagA fclj; ugha bu ik¡pu dsj dhu LokxrA fo|k th dk [kksa[kh dsj nmjk ijk] fcpk: eukst th gedk vkVks ij ysck; yb xsa nwj “kgj ds chp MkDVj ds bgk¡A mgk¡ ls nckbZ y; ds vk;u r fo|k th dk jkgr feyhA jkr ek eukst th gedk ik¡pu dk Vªsu ij p<+k; ds fcnk fdfguA vgenkckn ek Hkkjh HkhM+ p<+hA cksxh ek xksM+ /kj; dsj tkxk ugha jfg x;A egrjfuus

vius xHkqvkj csVcu dk Nkrh ls yxk;s QlZ ij cbBhaA vksa dbZ iqfyl ckys e”kxwy jgsa olwyh ekA cxy ds cksxh ek xksjljh ds nnu lkgc ds fcfV;s vgenkckn e p<+hA jkr chfr x; lcsjs gedk ik¡pu d cxy ds cksxh e fnf[kuA Hkkjh HkhM+ ds dkj.k gejs ik¡pu ds yxs ugha igq¡fp ikbuA tc vkxs c<+r dqN HkhM+ N¡Vh r yyfd ds vk; igq¡ph gejs ik¡pu ds cksxh ekA

       Vªsu mTtSu rM+ds 3+ +30 ij igq¡phA r; jgk fd ckcw th ¼Mk0 f”koeaxy flag th lqeu½ dsj n”kZu djc iS izekn cl ugha mrjsuA 8 cts fnu Hkksiky vk; ds fp0a jkfcu ds bgk¡ Msjk Mkj nhu] tgk¡ ls nqljs fnuk jkr ds jsok¡py Vªsu e lokj gks; ds vxys fcgku 26 viSzy dk jhok cgqfj vk;uA