22 Sanukt pariwar

22&la;qDr ifjokj fo?kVu tk=k

       cf.kZr dky rd fj;klr dsj uke jhok vf/kd izpyu ek ugha vkck jgk cksyk tkr jgk jhek¡ vkS fy[kk tkr jgk jhpk¡A lruk rc rd ftyk ugha cuk jgk dgkor jgk j?kqjkt uxj rglhyA ftyk jgsa mRrjh eq[;kYk; jhok¡] iwohZ eq[;ky; lh/kh vkS nfD[kuh eq[;ky; lgMksyA  fj;klr jhok¡ ds  mRrjh ftyk ds gqtwj rglhy ds ,sfrgkfld xk¡o jk;iqj dpZqfy;ku ek] fcleh lnh ds NBosa cfj’k ,d vDVwoj d gejs tud dq¡vj lw;Z cyh flag dsj tue HkkA 29 cfj’k ckn 5 vizSy 1935 dk gekj vkS 22 cfj’k chrs 15 twu 1957 dk gejs tsB csVk dq¡vj johUnz ¼jkfcu½ dsj tue bg; jk;iqj dpZqfy;ku ek HkkA  jkfcu ds tue dky dsj lqf/k vkor jksek fdufduk; tkr gSaA vgks! dsruk =kln jgk fp|k th dsj 27 fnuu dsj ?kksj ujdokl thouA ejs xks#vu ds pke Nhy; okyh jk¡ih ls pekfju dkdh uotkr f”k”kq dsj ukjk dkfVl RkSA vksdk tykc; [kkfrj xksjlh e d.Mk lqyxk; ds mg; dksBjh ¼lkscjh½ tmus ek f[kjdh ugha jgha jgk cl ,d njcktkA mgkS vf/kdgk vksa<+dkck jgr jgkA fpjk¡b/k xaf/k dsj xq¡xqvkr /kqvk¡ Hkjk jg;A f”k”kq dsj tue lrblk e Hkk jgk ;sls lkscjh 27 fnu jghA vNwr gks; x; jgha f”k”kq dk tue ns; okyh ekrkA ugk; ugha ldr jgh ekrkA rhu fnuk futZyk jk[kk xkA ckn ek tc ikuh fiv; d nhu xk mvk jgk dlk;yA dbvd tM+h cwVh] isM+u ds Nky Mkfj ds ikuh cydk; ds] Nkfu ds BaMok; ds fiv; d nhu tkr jgkA Hkkstu e iqjku pkmj ds Hkkr ds lkFk ?kh e Hkw¡th gjnh ds cqduh tsek¡ lsa/kk uksu feyk gksr jgk ?kh ds lkFk nhu tk;A iufivk;h [kkfrj iqjku dfj;u xqM+ rs[kk ns[ks vksdkbZ NwV;  ds lkFk dqN esou d feyk; ds ihaM+k cuk; ds nhu tkr jgsaA ;sa e feyh gksr jgh lksaB ds cqduhA b;k ekuk tkr jgk vfr ikSf’VdA ,d ihaM+k vmj nhu tkr jgkA xksgw¡ ds filku ?kh ek Hkw¡ft ds xqM+ vkS esok feyk; ds ihaM+k ck¡/k yht tkr jgkA lksfpr g; vbl; =klnh lfgu gksbgha gekj vkth vkS egrkjh ?kyk;A gejs ekrk th dk ge ik¡p Hkkbu d tfu ds b;k esj ds =k;nh ik¡p csj Hkksx; d iM+k gksbZ] tc fd fo|kth dk nqb csjA lkS0 js[k dsj tue djNuk e HkkA mg¡m bgS ekgkSy jgk gksbZA fp0 iz”kkUr ¼iIiw½ dsj tue fljekSj esa Hkk tgk¡ izf”kf{kr ulsZ jghaA fp0 lq/khj ¼xqM~Mw½ r xk¡/kh eseksfj;y gkfLiVy ek tUesA fo|k th fp0 jkfcu dk tue nb ds ekuks upk tue ikbu QsjkS fivkj jgh mudk vkiu llqjkj jk;iqjA ge vkS gekj csVk jkfcu tuesu jk;iqj ek iS vc mgk¡ gekj ik¡psu dsj dqNw ugha vk;A mvk ?kj /kjk”kk;h gks; ds eyok ds :Ik e iM+k gSA

       ge vius tUe HkwfEk jk;iqj e de; fnu jgsuA gekj “kq#vkr ls ybds iwjh f”k{kk jhok e Hk;A ewM+u r dk”kh e Hkk] duNsnu vkS fcvkg laLdkj jk;iqj esaA fo|kth gekj iRuh cfu ds vk;h jgha mRrj izns”k ftyk bykgkckn ds rglhy eq[;ky; djNuk lsA jgh gSa vius ckcw th ¼ ckcw jkek/khu flag½ vkS vEek th dsj tsB vkS fi;kj ^fcV~Vh*A buls ygqj cfguh r f”k”kqdkyS e dky dcfyr gks; x;h jgha] HkkbZ jgsa “kEHkw “kj.k flag] e`R;qUt; izrki flag ¼uUgs flag½ vkS txnh”k dqekj flagA b;k ifjokj vk; oS”k jktiwr oa”k vkS gekj ifjpkj] ifjgkj jktiwr oa”kA

       vius tcj la;qDr ifjokj dsj ,d bdkbZ gekj ifjokj ¼ge gekj iRuh fo|k th] csVk jkfcu] iz”kkUr] csVh js[kk vkS csVk lq/khj½ jhpk laHkx ds “kgMksy ftyk vc laHkkx ds rglhy Cksmgkjh ds xk¡o lstgjh dk LFkkbZ fuokl cukc; dsj igy fdfglA bgk¡ tcj edku r cuk iS Qsj ,d edku jhok e cfu x;s ij lstgjh jfg xk vkok tkgh okykA jkfcu vkS iz”kkUr pkdjh djr vkiu ifjokj lkFk y;s jgr gSaA js[kk fcvkfg ds pyh x;ha vius llqjkfj vkS lq/khj vius ifjokj ds lkFk jgr gSa gejs yxs jhok ekA

 la;qDr ifjokju dsj fo?kVu gksck djr gS Hkkbu ds vkilh c¡Vckjk lsA iS gejs firk th vkS pkpk th ¼vfouk”k pUnz flag½ dsj cVckjk ugha Hkk] u ge ik¡pks Hkkbu dsjA QsjkS 65&70 lnL;u dsj gekj tcj la;qDr ifjokj jls jls fo?kfVr gksr vyx fcyx gks; xkA tc rd firk th ft;r jgsa fNrjk; x;ks ij jgsa gejs b;k ifjokj ds eqM+/kfjdkA dkfV fnfgu cq<+kik vius tueHkwfe jk;iqj ekA bu[kj thou Hkkjh Hkjdeu ls Hkjk jgk] [kkl rmj ls ckyiuA mrkj&i<+ko nkj Vs<+&esj jkg ikj fdfglA tmus ds >yd mufgu ds “kCnu ek izLrqr d; jgsu gSA

^esjs firk vkSj PkkPkk izk;% lkFk gh esjs viq’V vkSj fucZy da/kks ij x`gLrh dk Hkj NksM+ dj LoxZ fl/kkj x,A u [ksrh fdlkuh jg xbZ u dksbZ mn~;e jkstxkj vkSj u dksbZ ukSdjh&pkdjhA ?kj esa cph Fkh rhu fo/kok;sa nknh] nhnh] pkph rFk ,d NksVh vfookfgr cgu vkSj xHkZLr vuqtA eSa rc LFkkuh; fgUnh fEkfMy Ldwy esa d{kk ik¡poha dk Nk= FkkA 2 o’kZ [khap rku dj lkroha ¼fefMYk½ fudky ys tkus ls 8&10 #o;s ekgokj  dh eqnjZlh ;k eksgjZjh fey tkus dh laHkkouk Fkh tks fdlh izdkj x`gLFkh dk [kpM+k [khap ldrh Fkh ij bruk dj ikuk Hkh nq”dj izrhr gks jgk FkkA ijUrq ijefirk ds dksi esa Hkh dgha u dgha d`ik dh dksj fNih jgrh gSA dgk¡ rks nks o’kZ dk fgUnh fefMy dkslZ iwjk djuk Hkh nqlk/; yx jgk Fkk vkAj dgk¡ 16 o’kksZa dk ikB~;Øe iwjk dj ,e , lkfgR; jRu gks x;kA ^Hko vatfu dh vkS’k/kh] <¡w<+r jg;ks fu/kku* rks D;k og esjs iq#’kkFkZ dk Qy Fkk\ dnkfi ughaA ;g nSoh peRdkj FkkA ftlus eq>s vukFk cuk;k mlh us esjs vkxs dk ekxZ iz”kLr fd;kA*

firk th ds ckjs e tmu ge[kk tkudkjh feyh mvk vblu fd Ldwyh f”k{kk iwjh dbds ^dkysft,V ,tqds”ku* izkIr dj; pysa xsa cukjlA mgk¡ ^cukjl fgUnw ;qfuolhZVh ls vkiu f”k{kk iwjh d; ds mg¡; dj; ykxsa Lora= ys[ku vkS tqfj xk bu[kj uke lkfgR;dkju ds lwph ekA eEek crkbu fd rcfgu v¡Vkjh nkj b;k nqb iVmgk¡ vkS nwukS vyax dsj vkslkjsa cuhaA Qsj dqN fnuk ckn nqvkjs ek cuk c¡xyk dgko; okyk cbBd dsj nqb v¡Vkjh nkj nqb iVmgk¡ vkS rhu dbZ vkslkjh mrj ok; ds ihNs dbZ tkjt:j ¼laMklsa½ cusA ;s[kj uke /kjkck xk ^fe=&eaafnj*A bgk¡ /kjh jgha ydM+h ds nqb vkyekjh tmus ek Hkjh jgha esj esj dsj iksFkhA vc bZa nwum edku /kjk”kk;h gks; ds eyek dsj <sj cfu xs gSaA^ fjVk;j esUV* ds ckn pkSxku Nk¡fM+ ds firk th dsj Q~YkSV uqek cuckck edku cjdjkj gS] tmus ek jfg jgk gS gejs lc ls ygqj HkkbZ Lo0 r#.k izrki ds csVk tujatu flag ¼Hkb;k½ dsj ifjckjA la;qDr ifjokj ds vU; tu R;kfx vl fnfgu gS jk;iqjA  

^fe=&eafnaj* ds xfrfof/k;u dsj jkspd tkudkjh firk th dsj dye b;k esj ckr mfxfyl gSA ^d{kk 8 dh ijh{kk jhok ls mRrh.kZ gksdj xzh’ekodk”k esa eSa jk;iqj vk;kA ogk¡ orZeku U;k;kf/ifr xq#izlUUk flag ds firk Jh txrizrki flag ls lEidZ gqvkA os mu fnuks fgUnw fo”ofo|ky; cukjl esa ch0 ,0 ds Nk= FksA ;gk¡ os Hkkjrh; usrkvksa /kqja/kj fo}kuksa] fo[;kr lkfgR; lzLVkvksa dks lqu tku pqds FksA mudh o`fRr;k¡ mnkRr gks pqdh FkhaA vr% mUgksus ;gk¡ LFkku; NksVs cM+ lc Nk=ksa  dks ,d= dj ^fe=&eaMy* dh LFkkiuk dhA bl eaMy esa lcls i<+s fy[ks os Fks  vkSj nwljs uacj ij esjk uke FkkA bl ukrs mUgs fe= eaMy lfefr dk v/;{k vkSj eq>s ea=h cuk;k x;kA lfefr ds rRoko/kku esa ,d fofp= ikB”kkyk pt MxjhA mlds Nk= gh v/;kid Fks  vkSj Nk= HkhA Å¡ph d{kk dk  Nk= uhps ds d{kk dks i<+rk FkkA ys[k izfr;ksfxrk] oknfookn] gLr fyf[krif=dk ds ek/;e ls lfefr Nk=ksa esa lkfgfR;d izo`fRr ds fuekZ.k esa ,d izkFkfed iz;kl dj jgh Fkh ftldk iz.k;u dfri; fo}kuks ds :Ik esa gqvkA

jhpk jkT; dsj f”k{kk foHkkx iwT; nmvk dk cukjl ls vkgwr d; ds fu;qDr d; fnfgl ekrZ.M ,¡xyks oukZD;wyj fefMy Ldwy dsj gsMekLVjA fe=&eafnj dsj xfrfof/k;k¡ gks; x;ha ckf/krA cCcw lkgc pkpk th vfouk”k pUnz flag nmvk lkgc ls 9 cfj’k ygqj jgsa ts vxzt dsj jkekuqt ds leku jgs gSaA i<+r jgsa cukjl fgUnw ;qfuoflZVh ek tc 1942 dsj Hkkjr NksM+ks vkUnksyu fNM+kA  dwfn ijsa b;k tax ek vkS ;quoflZVh cUn gks; x;s ls vk; x;s jgsa jhok okys ^fe=&eafnj* ekA Hkwfexr vkUnksyu jr nwukS HkkbZ ,d; lkFk fxjQ~rkj gks; ds pys xsa tsyA Pkjejk; x; ikfjokfjd O;oLFkkA dqN fnuu cknS cM+s nknk *dq¡vj* f”koizlUu flag ?kyk; fxjQ  rkj gks; xsaA gekj ef>yÅ nknk Jh f”kojatu flag vkS ge iB; nhu x;u fe= ifjokj MsYgh okys ia0 jkefd”kksj th “kekZ ds ifjokj ekA

cM+s nknk d¡qvj tsy ls fjgk Hksa iS nmvk lkgc vkS cCcw th tsy; e jgsaA budk mfpr ekxZn”kZu ns; okyk dksÅ ugha feykA nwlj fo”o;q) tksj idM+s jgk] tksjnkj lSfud HkrhZ  gksr jgh] d¡qvj nknk lsysDV gks; xsa jk;y bf.M;u ,vj QkslZ ekA

 ljnkj txrizrki flag dk tykcnj dsj ltk feyh jgh Å¡ ?kkrd O;kf/k ls ohfM+r cgqfj vk;s jgsa jhokA mudj tmus fnuk LoxZokl Hkk vksfgu fnuk nqb cfj’k tsy ek fcrk; ds] nmvk lkgc isjksy ek tsy ls ckfgj vk;saA cC nmvk lkgc vkS CkCcw th csjkstxkj gks; xs jgsaA ifjokj ds cCcw lkgc djhc eghuk Hkj ifgys dkjk eqDr gks; x;s jgsaA ,d csj iqfu ds lc tus tqfV ds vk; x;s jgsa jhok okys fe= eafnj ekA iS rc rd vk; xk jgk tcj cnyko vkS Hkax O;oLFkk iqfu ds mg; esj ugha tfe ik;hA

 nmvk lkgc vkS cCcw th csjktxkj gks; xs jgsaaA pfjokj ds ekyh gkyr cstk detksj gks; x; jghA cCCcw th vkiu ,e , ds NwV i<+kbZ iwjh dj; u tk; ds #fi;k 85 ekgokj dsj rglhynkjh dj; pys xsa uxm/k fj;klrA gekj vkth rik eEek] eEek vkS dkdh vc; rd   jk;iqj ds cbcs xksM+ ugha /kjs jghaA vc cCcq th ds lkFk gekj vkth vkS dkdh lkgc cCcw th ds lkFk pyh x;ha uxm/kA cCcw th tsy ig¡qps rc; gejs ifgy fiftvmr HkkbZ dsj tue HkkA ØkfUr tkjh jgha ;sls mud juke /kjkck xk Økfr dqekj flagA lkF; ;sÅ¡ pys xsaA nmvk lkgc dk feyr jgh gksbZ muds nqb iqLrdu ^thou T;ksfr* vkS ^fgTnh dh izphu vkSj uohu dkO; /kkjk* dsj jk;YVhA  bqb Hkkbu ds bg; dekbZ ds ekFks gejs la;qDr ifjokj dsj Hkj.k iks’k.k gksr jgkA rcS iqfu ds cgky gks; x; nmvk lkgc ds pkdjhA inLFk gks; xsa tk; ds lTtu ,0 oh0 ,e0 Ldwy mefj;k ekA eghuk chrr fMfLVªDV bUlisDVj vkQ LdwYl cfu ds inLFk gks; xsa lh/khA muds lkFk Jh xq#izlUUk flag ds pmFks Øe ds ygqj HkkbZ vkuUn flag ¼yYyw½ vkS budj fifrvkmr HkkbZ vkfnR; izrki flag ¼Hkb;k½ vkS ge lkFk x;uA lkFkS xsa nmvk lkgc ds pkdj jesLlj ukbZA pijklh vkS vnZyh r lsok esa jgc; HksaA lh/kh esa cgqr fnuk ge ik¡ps ugha jgsuA nmvk lkgc dsj iqfu ds mg; in ek rcknyk gks;  xk jhok dkA

jls jls  gekj la;qDr ifjokj iqjku NwV <jkZ idfM+ fyfglA eEek r jk;iqjS ek jgh vkbZa dkdh lkgc vc tgk¡ cCcw th tk¡; mgk¡ lkFkS tk¡;A mufgu ds lkFk gekj ef>yÅ nknk vkS gegw¡ jgr jgsuA Qsj ,d csjdh tCk nmvk lkgc “kgMksy xsa rc gekj eEek ifgyh nkj jk;iqj ls xksM+ ckgj /kjr mgk¡ xbZaA lkFk e ge gekj nwukS ygqj HkkbZ v#.k ¼cPpk ckcw½ rj.k ¼fdUus½ vkS fifrvmr HkkbZ ØkUrh lkFkS x;uA ef>yÅ nknk dkyst igq¡fp xs jgsa] ;sls CCcw th ds lkFk cksnk ckx jhok e jgsaA vxys lky gegw¡ eSfVªd ikl d; fygsu rc geg¡w ig¡qfp x;u cksnk ckxA

dkdh lkgc ifjokj dsj ifgy efgyk jgha ts 1944&45 ek xka¡o ds ckfgj xksM+ ?kfjUkA cM+h Hkmth lkgc d gefgu lu 1954 ek dq¡xj nknk ds yxs dkuiqj ig¡qpk;s jguA ef>yÅ nknk vkS ge lu  1954 ek ukSdjh ik;uA nknk ysck; yb xsa e>yh Hkmth lkgc d vius lkFk Nrjoqj ds eÅlgkfu;k QkEkZA gekj ifgy oksfLVax HkS foU/; izns”k ds d`f’k lapkyuky; jhok e Arc rd gekj fc;kg ugha Hkk jgkA jk;iqj jgr jhoh vi Mkmu djr jgsuA Qsj gks; xk rcknyk esdukbTM QkEkZ dqBqfy;k dkA ys vk; ds Msjk /kjsu cksnk ek cCcw th ds bgk¡A iS Qkje dsj dke lcsjsu ls lq# gksr gS ;s ls jg; ykxsu dqBqfy;k ekA rc; gks; xk fcvkgA ubZ vkbZ anqyfgu dl ds tk¡; gejs lkFk] b;k jgh lEkL;kA dqN vblu ckr iM+h fd eEek lkgc fo}k th dk lkFk yb tk; dsj eatwjh n; fnfguA ygqj HkkbZ v#.k ds fcvkg HkkA pkdjh ik; pqds jgsaA vksÅ¡ ysck; yb xsa xius nqyfgu d vius lkFk tgk¡ mudj iksfLVax jghA b;k esj ls fcuk dmusm cvokjk Hk;s la;qDr ifjokj vki; vki fcFkjk; xkA vc jk;iqj ge ik¡ps lifjokj rc; vbZ tc ifjokj e dmum vmlj ijS b;k fd dmum ejuh tjuh gks;A

iwT; nmvk lu 1966 ek fjVk;j gks; ds jk;iqj ek jg; ykxsaA rc rd vkth Pkfy clh jghaA ygjm HkkbZ fdUus bf.M;u usoh dsj pkdjh Nk¡fM+ ds vk; xs jgsa ?kjsA mudj fookg HkkA vc jk;iqj ek ifjokj la[;k cf<+ x;A nmvk lkgc ds ckyiu esa tc gejs ckck lkgc deyukHk flag ds LoxZokl gks; xk jgk rc; cCck ctzikf.k flag nmvk lkgc ds dkdk pkdjh Nk¡fM+ ds vk; ds jg; ykxs jgsa ?kjsA gejs nwukS ifjokj dsj v¡xuk ,d; gSA iS tc ls ge tku; le>; ykbd Hk;u rc ls bg; fn[ksu fd nwukS ifjckj ds pwYgk vyx vyx gksr dhu ifjckj ,d; g;A bZa cCck dsj ?k: uke jgk ctÅ flag csVk jgsa gekj ik¡pu ds dDdw jkeyky flagA mudj pyrw uke; gks; xk dDdwA l;ku ?kky mugha dDdw dg¡;A ,d csj iqfu ds nmvk lkgc la;qDr ifjokj dsj :I js[kk cukbuA nkbZ ugha jfg xbZa] cCck ughaa jfg xsaA lu 1988 e nmvk lkgc ugha jfg xsaA lu 1993 esa EkEek lkgc pyh xbZA ge rhu HkkbZ jhok e vyx vyx ?kj cuok; ds jg; ykxsuA ygqj HkkbZ v#.k ugha jfg xsa mudj csVk izdk”k ¼eqUuk½ lruk e ?kj cslkfg fyfguA

cM+sdq¡vj nknk fjVk;j gks; ds vk;sa dqN fnu jk;iqj ek nmvk ds lkFk jgsa Qsj vk; xsa jhokA cksnk e ?kj cuck; ds lifjokj jg; ykxsaA tc nmvk ugha jfg xsa rc ifgy ef>yÅ nknk dsj edku Ekkul uxj e cukA gekj r cgqr ckn ek lu 1996 e dIrkuckx ujsUnz uxj jhok e cukA lcls ifgys r cCcw th dsj edku cksnk e cukA vksds ckn vkxs ihNs gekj pkfjm fifrvkmr HkkbZ gjs vkiu vkiu edku cuokbuA b;k esj ls gekj 60&70 tusu ds ifjokj fNrjkuA vkxs ohyh ih<+h ?kyk; vyx vyx edku cuck; cuok; jg; ykxs gSaA

fjVk;j Hk;s ds ckn dq¡vj nknk dsj eu jgk lstgjh e cl; dsjA rc rd lstgjh e gekj ?kj u gksr dhu [ksrh lEgj; ykx jghA nknk dbvd csjdh vk;saA ,d csjdh vk; ds ,d >ksiM+h Bk<+ djkbuA dqvk¡ [kksnkbu is [ksrh dsj O;oLFkk ugha cu ikbZA fujkl gks; ds lstgjh R;kfx vl fnfguA mudj Ek>ys csVk vuqjkx flag ¼vuw½ ts bf.M;u vkEkhZ ls dSIVsu ds in ls fjVk;j gks; ds Bsdsnkjh dj; ykxs gSaA lstgjh e ,d ck¡/k c¡/kokbu tmu ifgysu cfj’k QwfV xkA vksÅ¡ lstgjh ek dkLr dj; ls eq¡g eksM+ fyfgu vkS vius dqN jdck ek ;wdsfIVl ds IykUVs”ku djk; ds vius eq[; /ka/kk e /;ku dsfUnzr db fnfguA  tblu folky cV c`{k ls cjksZg QwfV ds vyx vfLrRo dsj isaM+ rS;kj d; ysrh gSa] rbl; gekjs mvk tcj la;qDr ifjokj ds fo?kVu tk=k ean vkS can ugh Hk;A vksdj dbZvd bdkbZ gks; ds vius vius /ak/kk e e”kxwy gSaA